Bidenne C, Blondin B, Dequin S, Vezinhet F
Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Technologie des Fermentations, INRA, Montpellier, France.
Curr Genet. 1992 Jul;22(1):1-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00351734.
Wine yeast strains are characterized by a high chromosomal DNA polymorphism. This can be explained partly by a size difference of different variants of specific chromosomes. This difference can reach up to 45% of the size of the chromosome in question. Two strains, SB1 and Eg8, have a very complex chromosomal pattern and show one band hybridizing with probes from two different chromosomes derived from a reference strain. This is an indication of the presence of "hybrid" chromosomes in these wine strains. The most astonishing result concerns chromosome VIII, frequently present in wine strains in two variant forms. The first normal form has a size of about 580 kb while the second is around 1000 kb. These two forms segregate at meiosis and recombine with a normal chromosome VIII from a laboratory strain. Wine yeasts are thus very different from haploid laboratory strains.
葡萄酒酵母菌株的特点是具有高度的染色体DNA多态性。这部分可以通过特定染色体不同变体的大小差异来解释。这种差异可达相关染色体大小的45%。两个菌株SB1和Eg8具有非常复杂的染色体模式，并且显示出一条与来自参考菌株的两条不同染色体的探针杂交的条带。这表明这些葡萄酒菌株中存在“杂交”染色体。最令人惊讶的结果涉及第八条染色体，它在葡萄酒菌株中经常以两种变体形式存在。第一种正常形式的大小约为580 kb，而第二种约为1000 kb。这两种形式在减数分裂时分离，并与实验室菌株的正常第八条染色体重组。因此，葡萄酒酵母与单倍体实验室菌株有很大不同。
