Ferguson J A, Sellar C, Goldacre M J
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Oxford, Headington, United Kingdom.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 1992 Jun;46(3):207-10. doi: 10.1136/jech.46.3.207.
The aim was to identify and compare rates of admission to hospital of preschool children for medicinal and non-medicinal poisoning in a defined population.
The study was an analysis of computerised abstracts of hospital inpatient records for poisoning.
Six districts in southern England covered by the Oxford record linkage study.
The subjects were children under six years of age residing in the six districts from 1975 to 1986.
6152 children, drawn from an average annual resident population of 164,000 children in 1975-1986, experienced 6562 hospital admissions for poisoning before six years; 3702 (56.4%) were attributed to medicinal and 2860 (43.6%) to non-medicinal agents. Of the latter, 646 (9.8% of the total) were recorded under the International classification of diseases code, described as "noxious food" (almost exclusively plant material). Average annual admission rates in children under six were 1.88 per 1000 for medicinal agents and 1.45 for non-medicinal substances. Analgesics accounted for 28.1% of the admissions for medicinal poisoning; berries and mushrooms for 97.4% of the plant materials; and corrosive aromatics, acids and alkalis for 22.0% of the other non-medicinals. Admission rates were higher in males than females in each category of poisoning. In children aged 1-4 years there was a significant decrease in admission rates between 1975 and 1986, averaging per annum 5.8% for medicinal poisoning, 6.9% for non-medicinal poisoning (excluding plant material), and 12.8% for plant material poisoning. Significant seasonal variation was found for each class of poisoning.
Admission rates for medicinal and non-medicinal poisoning in preschool children declined between 1975 and 1986. The decline could reflect a change in thresholds for admission although, if so, this would be against the general trend in paediatric medical admissions, which is upward. An alternative explanation is a decline in the incidence of poisoning.
旨在确定并比较特定人群中学龄前儿童因药物中毒和非药物中毒而住院的比率。
该研究是对医院住院中毒记录的计算机化摘要进行分析。
牛津记录链接研究覆盖的英格兰南部六个地区。
研究对象为1975年至1986年居住在这六个地区的六岁以下儿童。
在1975 - 1986年平均每年有164,000名儿童的常住人口中，6152名儿童在六岁前因中毒住院6562次；其中3702次（56.4%）归因于药物中毒，2860次（43.6%）归因于非药物制剂中毒。在后者中，646次（占总数的9.8%）按照国际疾病分类编码记录为“有害食物”（几乎全是植物材料）。六岁以下儿童的年平均住院率为药物制剂中毒每1000人中有1.88例，非药物制剂中毒每1000人中有1.45例。镇痛药占药物中毒住院病例的28.1%；浆果和蘑菇占植物材料中毒的97.4%；腐蚀性芳香剂、酸和碱占其他非药物制剂中毒的22.0%。在各类中毒中，男性的住院率均高于女性。在1 - 4岁儿童中，1975年至1986年住院率显著下降，药物中毒平均每年下降5.8%，非药物中毒（不包括植物材料）平均每年下降6.9%，植物材料中毒平均每年下降12.8%。各类中毒均发现有显著的季节变化。
1975年至1986年期间，学龄前儿童药物中毒和非药物中毒的住院率有所下降。这种下降可能反映了住院阈值的变化，尽管如果是这样，这将与儿科医疗住院的总体上升趋势相悖。另一种解释是中毒发生率的下降。
