Gómez-Ariza Carlos J, Lechuga M Teresa, Pelegrina Santiago, Bajo M Teresa
Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain.
Mem Cognit. 2005 Dec;33(8):1431-41. doi: 10.3758/bf03193376.
In three experiments, we assessed the effects of type of relation and memory test on retrieval-induced forgetting of facts. In Experiments 1 and 2, eight sets of four shared-subject sentences were presented for study. They were constructed so that half were thematically related and half were unrelated. A retrieval practice phase required participants to recall a subset of the studied sentences. In the final test, the participants were prompted to recall all the sentences (character cued in Experiment 1 and character plus stem cued in Experiment 2). The results showed that the retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) effect was similar for thematically related and unrelated sentences, indicating that the presence of episodic relations among the sentences was sufficient to produce the effect. In Experiment 3, a recognition task was introduced and the RIF effect emerged in accuracy as well as in latency measures. The presence of this effect with item-specific cues is difficult to accommodate for noninhibitory theories of retrieval.
在三项实验中，我们评估了关系类型和记忆测试对事实性信息提取诱发遗忘的影响。在实验1和实验2中，呈现了八组每组包含四个共享主题句子的集合供被试学习。这些句子的构建方式是，其中一半是主题相关的，另一半是不相关的。一个提取练习阶段要求参与者回忆所学习句子的一个子集。在最终测试中，提示参与者回忆所有句子（实验1中是字符提示，实验2中是字符加词干提示）。结果表明，主题相关和不相关句子的提取诱发遗忘（RIF）效应相似，这表明句子间情景关系的存在足以产生该效应。在实验3中，引入了一个识别任务，并且在准确率以及反应时测量中都出现了RIF效应。对于非抑制性提取理论而言，特定项目线索下这种效应的存在难以解释。
