de Fátima Maçãira Elayne, Algranti Eduardo, Medina Coeli Mendonça Elizabete, Antônio Bussacos Marco
Division of Medicine--FUNDACENTRO, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
Occup Environ Med. 2007 Jul;64(7):446-53. doi: 10.1136/oem.2006.032094. Epub 2007 Feb 15.
Exposure to cleaning products has frequently been reported as a symptom trigger by workers with work-related asthma diagnosed in workers' health clinics in the city of São Paulo, Brazil.
To estimate rhinitis and asthma symptoms prevalence and to analyse associated risk factors.
A respiratory symptoms questionnaire (Medical Research Council 1976) and the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire were applied to 341 cleaners working in the city of São Paulo, along with obtaining full occupational histories, skin prick tests and spirometry. Timing their symptoms onset in relation to occupational history allowed estimation of work-related asthma and/or rhinitis. Risk factors related to selected outcomes were analysed by logistic regression.
11% and 35% of the cleaners had asthma and rhinitis, respectively. The risk of work-related asthma/rhinitis increased with years of employment in non-domestic cleaning (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.18, >0.92-3 years; OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.63, >3-6.5 years; OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.89, >6.5 years). Atopy was associated with asthma and rhinitis (OR 2.91, 95% CI 1.36 to 6.71; OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.28 to 3.35, respectively). There was a higher risk of rhinitis in women (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.20 to 3.70).
Cleaning workers are at risk of contracting work-related asthma and/or rhinitis, and the risk increases with years of employment in non-domestic cleaning. Women present higher risk of rhinitis than men.
在巴西圣保罗市的工人健康诊所被诊断为患有与工作相关哮喘的工人中，接触清洁产品经常被报告为症状触发因素。
估计鼻炎和哮喘症状的患病率，并分析相关危险因素。
对341名在圣保罗市工作的清洁工进行了呼吸症状问卷（医学研究委员会，1976年）和儿童哮喘与过敏国际研究问卷的调查，同时获取完整的职业史、皮肤点刺试验和肺功能测定。根据症状发作时间与职业史的关系来估计与工作相关的哮喘和/或鼻炎。通过逻辑回归分析与选定结果相关的危险因素。
分别有11%和35%的清洁工患有哮喘和鼻炎。从事非家庭清洁工作的年限增加，患与工作相关哮喘/鼻炎的风险也增加（比值比1.09，95%置信区间1.00至1.18，工作92 - 3年；比值比1.28，95%置信区间1.01至1.63，工作3 - 6.5年；比值比1.71，95%置信区间1.02至2.89，工作超过6.5年）。特应性与哮喘和鼻炎相关（比值比分别为2.91，95%置信区间1.36至6.71；比值比2.06，95%置信区间1.28至3.35）。女性患鼻炎的风险更高（比值比2.07，95%置信区间1.20至3.70）。
清洁工人有患与工作相关哮喘和/或鼻炎的风险，且风险随着从事非家庭清洁工作的年限增加而增加。女性患鼻炎的风险高于男性。
