Shannon Jackilen, King Irena B, Moshofsky Rachel, Lampe Johanna W, Gao Dao Li, Ray Roberta M, Thomas David B
Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental Toxicology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Apr;85(4):1090-7. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/85.4.1090.
The role of individual fatty acids in the development and progression of breast cancer is unclear. Although in vitro and animal experiments have supported an inverse association between intake of long chain n-3 fatty acids [primarily eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid] and breast cancer risk, findings from population studies are inconsistent. Recent studies have also shown associations between the ratio of saturated to monounsaturated fatty acids (SI) and breast cancer risk. The SI reflects the activity of several genes involved in lipid metabolism, including fatty acid synthase and steroyl coenzyme-A desaturase, that have been shown to be overexpressed in breast cancer.
The purpose of this analysis was to determine the association between erythrocyte fatty acid concentrations and breast cancer risk among women participating in a randomized trial of breast self-examination in Shanghai, China.
We conducted a case-control study. Erythrocyte fatty acid concentrations were determined in specimens from 322 women with histologically confirmed breast cancer and 1030 frequency age-matched control women.
We report a significant direct association among palmitic, gamma-linolenic, palmitoleic, and vaccenic acids and risk of breast cancer. Total n-3 fatty acids, EPA, and the SI for palmitic to palmitoleic acid were associated with significantly lower risk of breast cancer.
Our results support a protective effect of n-3 fatty acids on breast cancer risk and provide additional evidence for the importance of evaluating the ratio of fatty acids when evaluating diet and breast cancer risk.
个体脂肪酸在乳腺癌发生和发展中的作用尚不清楚。尽管体外和动物实验支持长链n-3脂肪酸（主要是二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸）的摄入与乳腺癌风险呈负相关，但人群研究的结果并不一致。最近的研究还表明饱和脂肪酸与单不饱和脂肪酸的比例（SI）与乳腺癌风险之间存在关联。SI反映了参与脂质代谢的几个基因的活性，包括脂肪酸合酶和硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶，这些基因在乳腺癌中已被证明过度表达。
本分析的目的是确定在中国上海参加一项乳腺癌自我检查随机试验的女性中，红细胞脂肪酸浓度与乳腺癌风险之间的关联。
我们进行了一项病例对照研究。测定了322例经组织学确诊的乳腺癌女性和1030例年龄频率匹配的对照女性的红细胞脂肪酸浓度。
我们报告棕榈酸、γ-亚麻酸、棕榈油酸和反式vaccenic酸与乳腺癌风险之间存在显著的正相关。总n-3脂肪酸、二十碳五烯酸以及棕榈酸与棕榈油酸的SI与乳腺癌风险显著降低相关。
我们的结果支持n-3脂肪酸对乳腺癌风险具有保护作用，并为在评估饮食和乳腺癌风险时评估脂肪酸比例的重要性提供了额外证据。
