血浆饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸与总体及乳腺癌风险之间的前瞻性关联——抗氧化剂的调节作用：一项巢式病例对照研究
Prospective associations between plasma saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids and overall and breast cancer risk - modulation by antioxidants: a nested case-control study.
作者信息
Pouchieu Camille, Chajès Véronique, Laporte François, Kesse-Guyot Emmanuelle, Galan Pilar, Hercberg Serge, Latino-Martel Paule, Touvier Mathilde
机构信息
Sorbonne Paris Cité, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Biostatistics Center, Inserm U1153, Inra U1125, Cnam, University Paris 13, University Paris 5, University Paris 7, Bobigny, France.
Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2014 Feb 27;9(2):e90442. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090442. eCollection 2014.
BACKGROUND
Mechanistic data suggest that different types of fatty acids play a role in carcinogenesis and that antioxidants may modulate this relationship but epidemiologic evidence is lacking. Our aim was to investigate the association between plasma saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (SFAs, MUFAs and PUFAs) and overall and breast cancer risk and to evaluate the potential modulatory effect of an antioxidant supplementation on these relationships.
METHODS
A nested case-control study included all first incident cancer cases diagnosed in the SU.VI.MAX study between 1994 and 2002 (n=250 cases, one matched control/case). Participants to the SU.VI.MAX randomized controlled trial received either vitamin/mineral antioxidants or placebo during this intervention period. Baseline fatty acid composition of plasma total lipids was measured by gas chromatography. Conditional logistic regression was performed overall and stratified by intervention group.
RESULTS
Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (Ptrend=0.002), the dihomo-γ-linolenic/linoleic acids ratio (Ptrend=0.001), mead acid (Ptrend=0.0004), and palmitoleic acid (Ptrend=0.02) were inversely associated with overall cancer risk. The arachidonic/dihomo-γ-linolenic acids ratio (Ptrend=0.02) and linoleic acid (Ptrend=0.02) were directly associated with overall cancer risk. Similar results were observed for breast cancer specifically. In stratified analyses, associations were only observed in the placebo group. Notably, total PUFAs were directly associated with overall (Ptrend=0.02) and breast cancer risk in the placebo group only.
CONCLUSION
Specific SFAs, MUFAs and PUFAs were prospectively differentially associated with cancer risk. In addition, this study suggests that antioxidants may modulate these associations by counteracting the potential effects of these fatty acids on carcinogenesis.
背景
机制数据表明，不同类型的脂肪酸在致癌过程中发挥作用，抗氧化剂可能调节这种关系，但缺乏流行病学证据。我们的目的是研究血浆饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸（SFA、MUFA和PUFA）与总体癌症风险和乳腺癌风险之间的关联，并评估抗氧化剂补充剂对这些关系的潜在调节作用。
方法
一项巢式病例对照研究纳入了1994年至2002年期间在SU.VI.MAX研究中诊断出的所有首例癌症病例（n = 250例，每例匹配1名对照）。在该干预期内，SU.VI.MAX随机对照试验的参与者接受了维生素/矿物质抗氧化剂或安慰剂。通过气相色谱法测量血浆总脂质的基线脂肪酸组成。进行了总体条件逻辑回归，并按干预组进行分层。
结果
二高-γ-亚麻酸（Ptrend = 0.002）、二高-γ-亚麻酸/亚油酸比值（Ptrend = 0.001）、二十碳三烯酸（Ptrend = 0.0004）和棕榈油酸（Ptrend = 0.02）与总体癌症风险呈负相关。花生四烯酸/二高-γ-亚麻酸比值（Ptrend = 0.02）和亚油酸（Ptrend = 0.02）与总体癌症风险呈正相关。乳腺癌方面也观察到了类似结果。在分层分析中，仅在安慰剂组中观察到关联。值得注意的是，仅在安慰剂组中，总PUFA与总体癌症风险（Ptrend = 0.02）和乳腺癌风险呈正相关。
结论
特定的SFA、MUFA和PUFA与癌症风险存在前瞻性差异关联。此外，本研究表明抗氧化剂可能通过抵消这些脂肪酸对致癌作用的潜在影响来调节这些关联。
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