Segui-Gomez Maria, Palma Silvia, Guillen-Grima Francisco, de Irala Jokin, Martinez-Gonzalez Miguel A
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
BMC Public Health. 2007 Apr 12;7:55. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-7-55.
The role of alcohol as a risk factor for motor vehicle crashes is long known. Yet, reports on the prevalence of drinking and driving suggest values between 20%-30% when the adult driving population is interviewed. We wondered whether these values hold true among European educated citizens and whether there are any significant differences in prevalence by age, gender, type of profession and other lifestyle indicators.
Cross-sectional analyses of baseline data from a cohort of university graduates in Spain (SUN study). Answered questionnaires contained items on current drinking and driving practices, together with data on socio-demographic characteristics and lifestyle habits. Chi square, Fisher test, and multivariate logistic regression were used to investigate the impact of several variables on drinking and driving practices. Analyses were stratified by gender.
Almost 30% of the participants reported "sometimes" drinking and driving. This percent increased to 47% when "almost never" was also included as a positive answer to the drinking and driving practice question. These percentages varied significantly by gender, with up to 64% of men reporting "sometimes" or "almost never" vs. 36% of women doing so. Drinking and driving practices also differed by overall alcohol consumption habits, smoking, use of safety belts, and notably, type of profession.
Our findings are amongst the first on the high prevalence of drinking and driving among Spanish. Particularly worrisome is the fact that health professionals reported this habit even at higher rates. Multidisciplinary interventions (e.g., legal, educational, economic) are needed to reduce this serious health risk.
酒精作为机动车碰撞事故的一个风险因素，其作用早已为人所知。然而，关于酒后驾车流行率的报告显示，在对成年驾驶人群进行调查时，这一比例在20%至30%之间。我们想知道这些数据在受过欧洲教育的公民中是否成立，以及在流行率方面，年龄、性别、职业类型和其他生活方式指标是否存在显著差异。
对西班牙一组大学毕业生队列的基线数据进行横断面分析（SUN研究）。回答的问卷包含有关当前酒后驾车行为的项目，以及社会人口特征和生活方式习惯的数据。使用卡方检验、费舍尔检验和多因素逻辑回归来研究几个变量对酒后驾车行为的影响。分析按性别分层。
近30%的参与者报告“有时”酒后驾车。当“几乎从不”也被视为对酒后驾车行为问题的肯定回答时，这一比例升至47%。这些百分比在性别上有显著差异，高达64%的男性报告“有时”或“几乎从不”酒后驾车，而女性这一比例为36%。酒后驾车行为在总体饮酒习惯、吸烟、安全带使用情况，尤其是职业类型方面也存在差异。
我们的研究结果首次揭示了西班牙酒后驾车的高流行率。特别令人担忧的是，健康专业人员报告这一习惯的比例甚至更高。需要采取多学科干预措施（如法律、教育、经济方面的措施）来降低这种严重的健康风险。
