Maddison S E
Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
Clin Microbiol Rev. 1991 Oct;4(4):457-69. doi: 10.1128/CMR.4.4.457.
In this review on serodiagnosis of parasitic diseases, antibody detection, antigen detection, use of monoclonal antibodies in parasitic serodiagnosis, molecular biological technology, and skin tests are discussed. The focus at the Centers for Disease Control on developing improved antigens, a truly quantitative FAST-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the very specific immunoblot assays for antibody detection is highlighted. The last two assays are suitable for field studies. Identification of patient response in terms of immunoglobulin class or immunoglobulin G subclass isotypes or both is discussed. Immunoglobulin isotypes may asist in defining the stage of some diseases. In other instances, use of a particular anti-isotype conjugate may increase the specificity of the assay. Monoclonal antibodies have played important roles in antigen purification and identification, in competitive antibody assays with increased sensitivity and specificity, and in assays for antigen detection in serum, body fluids, or excreta. Molecular biological technology has allowed significant advances in the production of defined parasitic serodiagnostic antigens.
在这篇关于寄生虫病血清学诊断的综述中，讨论了抗体检测、抗原检测、单克隆抗体在寄生虫血清学诊断中的应用、分子生物技术和皮肤试验。重点介绍了疾病控制中心在开发改进抗原、真正定量的快速酶联免疫吸附测定法以及用于抗体检测的非常特异的免疫印迹测定法方面所做的工作。最后两种测定法适用于现场研究。讨论了根据免疫球蛋白类别或免疫球蛋白G亚类同种型或两者来鉴定患者反应。免疫球蛋白同种型可能有助于确定某些疾病的阶段。在其他情况下，使用特定的抗同种型偶联物可能会提高测定的特异性。单克隆抗体在抗原纯化和鉴定、灵敏度和特异性更高的竞争性抗体测定以及血清、体液或排泄物中抗原检测的测定中发挥了重要作用。分子生物技术在确定的寄生虫血清学诊断抗原的生产方面取得了重大进展。
