Runyan C W, Earp J A, Reese R P
Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599.
Am J Prev Med. 1991 Jul-Aug;7(4):232-6.
The United States Cycling Federation (USCF) decision in 1986 to mandate helmet use in all sponsored races marked a major initiative in cycling safety. Confirming earlier reports about the effectiveness of helmets in preventing injuries, this study also examines the attitudes of 554 USCF members toward the policy and about helmet use in both racing and nonracing situations. Although 64% of the racers reported some hardshell helmet use in training before the policy, 80% used helmets in training after the ruling. Most cyclists favored the USCF policy, although only 19% favored requiring helmet use in all cycling situations. Attitudes about helmet policy and actual use by racers were inconsistent; large percentages of those opposing mandatory helmet use in racing (51%) and in training (76%) used helmets themselves. We suggest possibilities for incremental expansion of helmet use requirements for all riders.
美国自行车联合会（USCF）在1986年做出的在所有赞助赛事中强制使用头盔的决定，标志着自行车安全方面的一项重大举措。这项研究证实了此前有关头盔在预防伤害方面有效性的报道，同时还调查了554名USCF成员对该政策以及在比赛和非比赛情况下使用头盔的态度。尽管在该政策出台前，64%的赛车手表示在训练中会使用某种硬壳头盔，但在政策实施后，这一比例升至80%。大多数自行车手支持USCF的政策，不过只有19%的人赞成在所有骑行情况下都强制使用头盔。赛车手对头盔政策的态度与实际使用情况并不一致；在比赛（51%）和训练（76%）中反对强制使用头盔的人群中，有很大比例的人自己也使用头盔。我们提出了逐步扩大对所有骑行者头盔使用要求的可能性。
