Hilton Shona, Semple Sean, Miller Brian G, MacCalman Laura, Petticrew Mark, Dempsey Scott, Naji Audrey, Ayres Jon G
MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Glasgow, UK.
BMC Public Health. 2007 Aug 14;7:206. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-7-206.
In Scotland on March 26, 2006 a comprehensive prohibition on smoking in all enclosed public places was introduced. This study examines bar workers' attitudes towards a smoke-free working environment.
An intervention study comparing bar workers' opinions before and after the implementation of the smoke-free legislation. Bars were randomly selected in three Scottish cities (Glasgow, Edinburgh & Aberdeen) and towns (Aberdeenshire & Borders). Bar workers were recruited from 72 bars that agreed to participate from 159 approached. Pre- and post-implementation attitudes towards legislation, second-hand smoke and smoke-free working environments were compared.
Initially the majority of bar workers agreed with the proposed legislation on smoking (69%) and the need for it to protect the health of workers (80%), although almost half (49%) thought the legislation would damage business. In 266 bar workers seen at both surveys, a significant positive attitudinal change towards the legislation was seen. Post-implementation, support for the legislation rose to 79%, bar workers continued to believe it was needed to protect health (81%) and concerns about the impact on business were expressed by fewer than 20%. Only the statement that the legislation would encourage smokers to quit showed reduced support, from 70% pre-implementation to fewer than 60% post-implementation. Initial acceptance was greater among younger bar workers; older workers, initially more sceptical, became less so with experience of the legislation's effects.
This study shows that bar workers had generally positive attitudes towards the legislation prior to implementation, which became stronger after implementation. The affirmative attitudes of these key stakeholders are likely to contribute towards the creation of 'smoke-free' as the new social norm.
2006年3月26日，苏格兰在所有封闭公共场所全面实施禁烟令。本研究调查酒吧工作人员对无烟工作环境的态度。
一项干预性研究，比较无烟立法实施前后酒吧工作人员的意见。在苏格兰的三个城市（格拉斯哥、爱丁堡和阿伯丁）和城镇（阿伯丁郡和边境地区）随机选择酒吧。从159家表示愿意参与的酒吧中招募了72家酒吧的工作人员。比较了实施前后对立法、二手烟和无烟工作环境的态度。
最初，大多数酒吧工作人员赞同拟议的吸烟立法（69%）以及认为有必要通过立法保护工作人员健康（80%），尽管近一半（49%）的人认为该立法会损害生意。在两次调查中均接受调查的266名酒吧工作人员中，对该立法的态度出现了显著的积极变化。实施后，对立法的支持率升至79%，酒吧工作人员仍然认为有必要通过立法保护健康（81%），而对生意影响表示担忧的人不到20%。只有关于该立法会鼓励吸烟者戒烟这一说法的支持率有所下降，从实施前的70%降至实施后的不到60%。年轻的酒吧工作人员最初接受度更高；年长的工作人员最初更为怀疑，但随着对该立法效果的体验，怀疑程度有所降低。
本研究表明，酒吧工作人员在立法实施前普遍对该立法持积极态度，实施后态度更为坚定。这些关键利益相关者的肯定态度可能有助于将“无烟”打造成为新的社会规范。
