Paterson Kevin B, Liversedge Simon P, Filik Ruth, Juhasz Barbara J, White Sarah J, Rayner Keith
School of Psychology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2007 Oct;60(10):1423-45. doi: 10.1080/17470210601100563.
Three eye movement experiments investigated focus identification during sentence comprehension. Participants read dative or double-object sentences (i.e., either the direct or indirect object occurred first), and a replacive continuation supplied a contrast that was congruous with either the direct or the indirect object. Experiments 1 and 2 manipulated focus by locating only adjacent to either the direct or indirect object of dative (Experiment 1) or double-object (Experiment 2) sentences. Reading-time effects indicated that the surface position of the focus particle influenced processing. In addition, Experiment 1 reading times were longer when the replacive was incongruous with the constituent that only adjoined, and particle position modulated a similar effect in Experiment 2. Experiment 3 showed that this effect was absent when only was omitted. We conclude that the surface position of a focus particle modulates focus identification during on-line sentence comprehension.
三项眼动实验研究了句子理解过程中的焦点识别。参与者阅读与格或双宾语句（即直接宾语或间接宾语首先出现），一个替换性延续部分提供了与直接宾语或间接宾语一致的对比。实验1和实验2通过将焦点仅定位在与格（实验1）或双宾语（实验2）句子的直接宾语或间接宾语相邻的位置来操纵焦点。阅读时间效应表明焦点小品词的表面位置影响加工。此外，当替换部分与仅相邻的成分不一致时，实验1的阅读时间更长，并且在实验2中小品词位置调节了类似的效应。实验3表明，当省略“only”时，这种效应不存在。我们得出结论，焦点小品词的表面位置在在线句子理解过程中调节焦点识别。
