Moreno Jiménez Bernardo, Rodríguez Muñioz Alfredo, Martínez Gamarra Marino, Gálvez Herrer Macarena
Dpto. Psicología Biológica y Salud, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
Span J Psychol. 2007 Nov;10(2):449-57.
The aim of the present study was to validate a reduced Spanish version of the Negative Acts Questionnaire (NAQ; Einarsen & Raknes, 1997). This instrument, which has been widely used in various studies, was developed to measure workplace bullying. Two samples, the first comprising 352 employees from 11 organizations, and the second comprising victims of bullying who were recruited from 15 Spanish associations against bullying, participated in the study. Exploratory factor analysis conducted with the data from the first sample revealed a two-factor solution that accounted for 63.3% of the total variance. The data from the second sample were used for confirmatory factor analyses to compare three structure models of the NAQ (one factor, two independent factors, and two correlated factors). The results indicate that the correlated two-factor model provided the best fit to the data (chi2/df = 2.1, CFI = .93, GFI = .95, RMR = .04, RMSEA = .06, AIC = 215.4). Reliability analysis showed that this 14-item Spanish version had high internal consistency. Significant correlations between the NAQ and its dimensions and diverse health and perceived stress scales were found, which provided evidence of construct validity. Taken conjointly, the results of this study support the use of the Spanish version of the reduced NAQ in future research.
本研究的目的是验证《负面行为问卷》（NAQ；艾纳森和拉克内斯，1997年）的一个简化西班牙语版本。该工具已在各种研究中广泛使用，旨在测量职场霸凌。两个样本参与了该研究，第一个样本包括来自11个组织的352名员工，第二个样本包括从15个西班牙反霸凌协会招募的霸凌受害者。对第一个样本的数据进行探索性因素分析，得出了一个解释总方差63.3%的两因素解决方案。第二个样本的数据用于验证性因素分析，以比较NAQ的三种结构模型（单因素、两个独立因素和两个相关因素）。结果表明，相关两因素模型对数据的拟合效果最佳（卡方/自由度=2.1，比较拟合指数=0.93，拟合优度指数=0.95，残差均方根=0.04，近似误差均方根=0.06，赤池信息准则=215.4）。信度分析表明，这个14项的西班牙语版本具有较高的内部一致性。研究发现NAQ及其维度与各种健康和感知压力量表之间存在显著相关性，这为结构效度提供了证据。综合来看，本研究结果支持在未来研究中使用简化NAQ的西班牙语版本。
