Nagel D, Wallcave L, Toth B, Kupper R
Cancer Res. 1977 Sep;37(9):3458-60.
Gyromitrin, acetaldehyde N-methyl-N-formylhydrazone, is a toxin present in edible wild mushroom Gyromitra esculenta. At 37 degrees under different acidic conditions (pH 1 to 3), mimicking the milieu of human stomach, gyromitrin is converted to methylhydrazine, a known tumor inducer in mice and hamsters, through an intermediate, N-methyl-N-formylhydrazine. In addition, methylhydrazine is formed in the mouse stomach after p.o. administration of gyromitrin. These findings imply that consumption of G. esculenta could present a carcinogenic, as well as an acutely toxic, health hazard.
鹿花菌素，即乙醛 N-甲基-N-甲酰腙，是一种存在于可食用野生蘑菇鹿花菌中的毒素。在 37 摄氏度、不同酸性条件（pH 1 至 3）下，模拟人类胃部环境时，鹿花菌素会通过中间体 N-甲基-N-甲酰腙转化为甲基肼，甲基肼是一种已知的小鼠和仓鼠肿瘤诱导剂。此外，经口给予鹿花菌素后，小鼠胃内会形成甲基肼。这些发现表明，食用鹿花菌可能会带来致癌以及急性毒性的健康危害。
