女性在致命车祸中的情况：风险日益增加还是暴露程度日益提高？
Female involvement in fatal crashes: increasingly riskier or increasingly exposed?
作者信息
Romano Eduardo, Kelley-Baker Tara, Voas Robert B
机构信息
Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 11720 Beltsville Drive, Suite 900, Calverton, MD 20705-3111, United States.
出版信息
Accid Anal Prev. 2008 Sep;40(5):1781-8. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2008.06.016. Epub 2008 Jul 18.
Abstract
Men have long held the lead in motor-vehicle crashes. However, recent research from a variety of countries indicates that women are closing the gap. The relative increase in females involved in crashes has been associated with an increase in crash exposure. But is it simply that there are more women driving that is causing this increase? Or are there other mediating factors? The main goal of this research effort was to shed some light on this controversy. We found evidence that most of the observed increase in female drivers' fatalities was due to a parallel increase in female driving exposure but that some groups of female drivers (mainly underage female drivers) have become more vulnerable to some risk-taking driving behaviors than others.
摘要
长期以来，男性在机动车碰撞事故中一直占据主导地位。然而，来自多个国家的最新研究表明，女性正在缩小这一差距。涉及碰撞事故的女性数量相对增加与碰撞事故暴露率的上升有关。但仅仅是因为开车的女性增多才导致了这一增长吗？还是存在其他中介因素？这项研究工作的主要目标是为这一争议提供一些线索。我们发现，有证据表明，观察到的女性驾驶员死亡人数的增加，大部分是由于女性驾驶暴露率的平行上升，但某些女性驾驶员群体（主要是未成年女性驾驶员）比其他群体更容易受到一些冒险驾驶行为的影响。
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