Albala Cecilia, Ebbeling Cara B, Cifuentes Mariana, Lera Lydia, Bustos Nelly, Ludwig David S
Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de Alimentos, INTA), University of Chile, Santiago,Chile.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Sep;88(3):605-11. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/88.3.605.
During the nutrition transition in Chile, dietary changes were marked by increased consumption of high-energy, nutrient-poor products, including sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). Obesity is now the primary nutritional problem in posttransitional Chile.
We conducted a randomized controlled trial to examine the effects on body composition of delivering milk beverages to the homes of overweight and obese children to displace SSBs.
We randomly assigned 98 children aged 8-10 y who regularly consumed SSBs to intervention and control groups. During a 16-wk intervention, children were instructed to drink 3 servings/d (approximately 200 g per serving) of the milk delivered to their homes and to not consume SSBs. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Data were analyzed by multiple regression analysis according to the intention-to-treat principle.
For the intervention group, milk consumption increased by a mean (+/- SEM) of 452.5 +/- 37.7 g/d (P < 0.0001), and consumption of SSBs decreased by -711.0 +/- 33.7 g/d (P < 0.0001). For the control group, milk consumption did not change, and consumption of SSBs increased by 71.9 +/- 33.6 g/d (P = 0.04). Changes in percentage body fat, the primary endpoint, did not differ between groups. Nevertheless, the mean (+/- SE) accretion of lean body mass was greater (P = 0.04) in the intervention (0.92 +/- 0.10 kg) than in the control (0.62 +/- 0.11 kg) group. The increase in height was also greater (P = 0.01) in the intervention group (2.50 +/- 0.21 cm) than in the control group (1.77 +/- 0.20 cm) for boys but not for girls.
Replacing habitual consumption of SSBs with milk may have beneficial effects on lean body mass and growth in children, despite no changes in percentage body fat. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00149695.
在智利的营养转型过程中，饮食变化的特点是高能量、营养匮乏产品（包括含糖饮料）的消费量增加。肥胖现已成为转型后智利的主要营养问题。
我们开展了一项随机对照试验，以研究将牛奶饮料送到超重和肥胖儿童家中以替代含糖饮料对身体成分的影响。
我们将98名经常饮用含糖饮料的8至10岁儿童随机分为干预组和对照组。在为期16周的干预期间，指导儿童每天饮用3份（每份约200克）送到家中的牛奶，且不饮用含糖饮料。通过双能X线吸收法测量身体成分。根据意向性分析原则，采用多元回归分析对数据进行分析。
干预组的牛奶消费量平均增加了452.5±37.7克/天（P<0.0001），含糖饮料的消费量减少了-711.0±33.7克/天（P<0.0001）。对照组的牛奶消费量未发生变化，含糖饮料的消费量增加了71.9±33.6克/天（P=0.04）。作为主要终点指标的体脂百分比变化在两组间无差异。然而，干预组（0.92±0.10千克）的瘦体重平均增加量（P=0.04）大于对照组（0.62±0.11千克）。干预组男孩的身高增长也大于对照组（P=0.01）（干预组为2.50±0.21厘米，对照组为1.77±0.20厘米），但女孩并非如此。
用牛奶替代习惯性饮用的含糖饮料可能对儿童的瘦体重和生长发育有有益影响，尽管体脂百分比没有变化。该试验已在clinicaltrials.gov上注册，注册号为NCT00149695。
