Giavedoni L, Jones L, Mebus C, Yilma T
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis 95616.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Sep 15;88(18):8011-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.18.8011.
Rinderpest is a highly contagious viral disease of ruminants with greater than 95% morbidity and mortality. We have constructed an infectious vaccinia virus recombinant that expresses both the fusion (F) gene and the hemagglutinin (H) gene of rinderpest virus. The Wyeth strain of vaccinia virus was used for the construction of the recombinant. Cattle vaccinated with the recombinant virus were 100% protected from challenge inoculation with greater than 1000 times the lethal dose of rinderpest virus. No transmission of recombinant vaccinia virus from vaccinated animals to contact animals was observed. The lyophilized form of vaccinia virus is thermostable and allows circumvention of the logistical problems associated with the distribution and administration of vaccines in the arid and hot regions of Asia and Africa. The insertional inactivation of both the thymidine kinase and the hemagglutinin genes of vaccinia virus led to increased attenuation of the virus; this was manifested by the lack of detectable pock lesions in vaccinated animals. This approach may have wide application in the development of safe and efficacious recombinant vaccines for humans and animals. This becomes quite relevant with the concern of the use of vaccinia virus in a population with high incidence of the human immunodeficiency virus.
牛瘟是一种反刍动物的高度传染性病毒病，发病率和死亡率超过95%。我们构建了一种表达牛瘟病毒融合（F）基因和血凝素（H）基因的感染性痘苗病毒重组体。痘苗病毒的惠氏株用于构建重组体。用重组病毒接种的牛对超过1000倍致死剂量的牛瘟病毒攻击接种具有100%的保护作用。未观察到重组痘苗病毒从接种动物传播至接触动物。痘苗病毒冻干形式具有热稳定性，可避免在亚洲和非洲干旱炎热地区与疫苗分发和接种相关的后勤问题。痘苗病毒胸苷激酶基因和血凝素基因的插入失活导致病毒毒力增强；这表现为接种动物中未检测到痘疱病变。这种方法可能在开发安全有效的人用和兽用重组疫苗方面有广泛应用。鉴于在人类免疫缺陷病毒高发病率人群中使用痘苗病毒的担忧，这一点变得尤为重要。
