Etienne Olivier, Schneider Aurore, Kluge Jonathan A, Bellemin-Laponnaz Claire, Polidori Camille, Leisk Gary G, Kaplan David L, Garlick Jonathan A, Egles Christophe
Division of Cancer Biology and Tissue Engineering, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
J Periodontol. 2009 Nov;80(11):1852-8. doi: 10.1902/jop.2009.090231.
Restoration of a three-dimensional shape with soft tissue augmentation is a challenge for surgical reconstruction and esthetic improvement of intraoral mucosa and perioral skin tissues. A connective tissue graft or free gingival graft, classically used for such indications, requires a donor site, which may lead to various clinical complications.
In this article, a new three-dimensional scaffold made of silk fibroin that could be of great interest for these indications was studied. Mechanical tests were conducted to characterize the physical properties of the materials. The biocompatibility of such scaffolds was positively assessed in vitro using a combination of immunostaining, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine proliferation assays, and histologic staining. Finally, the shaped material was grafted subcutaneously in nude mice for a long-time implantation study.
Human fibroblasts embedded in this material had a survival rate up to 68.4% and were able to proliferate and synthesize proteins. One month after subcutaneous implantation, the three-dimensional soft tissue augmentation was stable, and histologic analysis revealed revascularization of the area through the biomaterial. A mild inflammatory reaction disappeared after 12 weeks.
The results indicate that silk-gel material was able to create a lasting three-dimensional soft tissue augmentation and is a promising biomaterial for periodontal and maxillofacial therapies, either as a scaffold for cells or alone as a biomaterial.
通过软组织增量恢复三维形状是口腔内黏膜和口周皮肤组织手术重建及美学改善的一项挑战。传统上用于此类适应症的结缔组织移植或游离牙龈移植需要供区，这可能导致各种临床并发症。
在本文中，研究了一种由丝素蛋白制成的新型三维支架，其可能对此类适应症具有重要意义。进行了力学测试以表征材料的物理性质。使用免疫染色、5-溴-2'-脱氧尿苷增殖测定和组织学染色相结合的方法，在体外对这种支架的生物相容性进行了积极评估。最后，将成型材料皮下植入裸鼠进行长期植入研究。
嵌入这种材料的人成纤维细胞存活率高达68.4%，并且能够增殖和合成蛋白质。皮下植入一个月后，三维软组织增量稳定，组织学分析显示该区域通过生物材料实现了血管再生。12周后轻度炎症反应消失。
结果表明，丝凝胶材料能够实现持久的三维软组织增量，是一种有前途的生物材料，可用于牙周和颌面治疗，既可以作为细胞支架，也可以单独作为生物材料。
