Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Galvin Life Sciences Center, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2010 May;21(3):269-75. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2009.12.015. Epub 2010 Jan 4.
Kinetochores have been proposed to play multiple roles in mitotic chromosome alignment, including initial microtubule (MT) capture, monitoring MT attachments, prometaphase and anaphase chromosome movement and tension generation at metaphase. In addition, kinetochores are essential components of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), and couple chromosome alignment with SAC silencing at metaphase. Although the molecular details of these activities remain under investigation, cytoplasmic dynein has been implicated in several aspects of MT and SAC regulation. Recent work clarifies the contribution of dynein to MT interactions and to events that drive anaphase onset. This review summarizes these studies and provides new models for dynein function.
动粒被认为在有丝分裂染色体排列中发挥多种作用，包括初始微管（MT）捕获、监测 MT 连接、有丝分裂前期和后期染色体运动以及中期张力产生。此外，动粒是纺锤体组装检查点（SAC）的必需组成部分，将染色体排列与中期 SAC 沉默联系起来。尽管这些活动的分子细节仍在研究中，但细胞质动力蛋白已涉及 MT 和 SAC 调节的几个方面。最近的工作阐明了动力蛋白对 MT 相互作用和驱动后期起始事件的贡献。本综述总结了这些研究，并为动力蛋白功能提供了新的模型。
