Okumu Fredros O, Madumla Edith P, John Alex N, Lwetoijera Dickson W, Sumaye Robert D
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences Thematic Group, Ifakara Health Institute, PO Box 53, Ifakara, Tanzania.
Parasit Vectors. 2010 Mar 1;3:12. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-3-12.
To accelerate efforts towards control and possibly elimination of mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria and lymphatic filariasis, optimally located outdoor interventions could be used to complement existing intradomicilliary vector control methods such as house spraying with insecticides and insecticidal bednets.
We describe a new odor-baited station for trapping, contaminating and killing disease-transmitting mosquitoes. This device, named the 'Ifakara Odor-baited Station' (Ifakara OBS), is a 4 m3 hut-shaped canvas box with seven openings, two of which may be fitted with interception traps to catch exiting mosquitoes. It is baited with synthetic human odors and may be augmented with contaminants including toxic insecticides or biological agents.
In field trials where panels of fabric were soaked in 1% pirimiphos-methyl solution and suspended inside the Ifakara OBS, at least 73.6% of Anopheles arabiensis, 78.7% of Culex and 60% of Mansonia mosquitoes sampled while exiting the OBS, died within 24 hours. When used simply as a trap and evaluated against two existing outdoor traps, Ifakara Tent trap and Mosquito Magnet-X(R), the OBS proved more efficacious than the Ifakara Tent trap in catching all mosquito species found (P < 0.001). Compared to the Mosquito Magnet-X(R), it was equally efficacious in catching An. arabiensis (P = 0.969), but was less efficacious against Culex (P < 0.001) or Mansonia species (P < 0.001).
The Ifakara OBS is efficacious against disease-carrying mosquitoes including the malaria vector, An. arabiensis and Culicine vectors of filarial worms and arboviruses. It can be used simultaneously as a trap and as a contamination or killing station, meaning most mosquitoes which escape trapping would leave when already contaminated and die shortly afterwards. This technique has potential to complement current vector control methods, by targeting mosquitoes in places other than human dwellings, but its effectiveness in the field will require cheap, long-lasting and easy-to-use mosquito lures.
为加快控制并可能消除疟疾和淋巴丝虫病等蚊媒疾病，可采用选址最佳的户外干预措施来补充现有的室内病媒控制方法，如室内喷洒杀虫剂和使用杀虫蚊帐。
我们描述了一种用于诱捕、感染并杀死传播疾病蚊子的新型气味诱捕站。这种装置名为“伊法卡拉气味诱捕站”（Ifakara OBS），是一个4立方米的小屋形状的帆布箱，有七个开口，其中两个开口可安装拦截诱捕器以捕获外出的蚊子。它用合成人体气味作为诱饵，还可添加包括有毒杀虫剂或生物制剂在内的污染物。
在田间试验中，将织物面板浸泡在1%的甲基嘧啶磷溶液中并悬挂在伊法卡拉气味诱捕站内，在从诱捕站外出的样本中，至少73.6%的阿拉伯按蚊、78.7%的库蚊和60%的曼蚊在24小时内死亡。当仅用作诱捕器并与两种现有的户外诱捕器——伊法卡拉帐篷诱捕器和灭蚊磁力器-X（Mosquito Magnet-X(R)）进行比较时，气味诱捕站在捕获所有发现的蚊子种类方面比伊法卡拉帐篷诱捕器更有效（P < 0.001）。与灭蚊磁力器-X相比，它在捕获阿拉伯按蚊方面效果相当（P = 0.969），但对库蚊（P < 0.001）或曼蚊种类（P < 0.001）的捕获效果较差。
伊法卡拉气味诱捕站对包括疟疾媒介阿拉伯按蚊以及丝虫和虫媒病毒的库蚊媒介在内的携带疾病的蚊子有效。它可同时用作诱捕器和污染或杀灭站，这意味着大多数逃脱诱捕的蚊子在已被污染时离开，并在不久后死亡。这项技术有潜力通过针对人类住所以外地方的蚊子来补充当前的病媒控制方法，但其在实地的有效性将需要廉价、持久且易于使用的蚊子诱饵。
