Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
J Agric Food Chem. 2010 May 12;58(9):5334-40. doi: 10.1021/jf9044205.
Human milk contains large amounts of complex oligosaccharides that putatively modulate the intestinal microbiota of breast-fed infants by acting as decoy binding sites for pathogens and as prebiotics for enrichment of beneficial bacteria. Several bifidobacterial species have been shown to grow well on human milk oligosaccharides. However, few data exist on other bacterial species. This work examined 16 bacterial strains belonging to 10 different genera for growth on human milk oligosaccharides. For this propose, a chemically defined medium, ZMB1, was used, which allows vigorous growth of a number of gut-related microorganisms in a fashion similar to complex media. Interestingly, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis, Bacteroides fragilis , and Bacteroides vulgatus strains were able to metabolize milk oligosaccharides with high efficiency, whereas Enterococcus , Streptococcus , Veillonella , Eubacterium , Clostridium , and Escherichia coli strains grew less well or not at all. Mass spectrometry-based glycoprofiling of the oligosaccharide consumption behavior revealed a specific preference for fucosylated oligosaccharides by Bi. longum subsp. infantis and Ba. vulgatus. This work expands the current knowledge of human milk oligosaccharide consumption by gut microbes, revealing bacteroides as avid consumers of this substrate. These results provide insight on how human milk oligosaccharides shape the infant intestinal microbiota.
人乳中含有大量复杂的低聚糖，通过充当病原体的诱饵结合位点和有益细菌的益生元，推测可调节母乳喂养婴儿的肠道微生物群。已经证明几种双歧杆菌物种可以很好地在人乳低聚糖上生长。然而，关于其他细菌物种的数据很少。这项工作检查了 16 株属于 10 个不同属的细菌菌株在人乳低聚糖上的生长情况。为此，使用了一种化学定义的培养基 ZMB1，它允许许多与肠道相关的微生物在类似于复杂培养基的方式下旺盛生长。有趣的是，长双歧杆菌亚种。婴儿双歧杆菌、脆弱拟杆菌和普通拟杆菌菌株能够高效地代谢乳低聚糖，而肠球菌、链球菌、韦荣球菌、真杆菌、梭菌和大肠杆菌菌株的生长情况较差或根本不生长。基于质谱的聚糖分析表明，Bi.longum subsp。婴儿双歧杆菌和 Ba.vulgatus 对岩藻糖基化低聚糖具有特定的偏好。这项工作扩展了肠道微生物对人乳低聚糖消耗的现有知识，揭示了拟杆菌是该底物的热衷消费者。这些结果提供了关于人乳低聚糖如何塑造婴儿肠道微生物群的见解。
