Koutedakis Y, Budgett R, Faulmann L
British Olympic Medical Centre, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, Middlesex, England.
Br J Sports Med. 1990 Dec;24(4):248-52. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.24.4.248.
This study examines the effects of 3-5 weeks of physical rest on selected physical, physiological and psychological parameters obtained from 12 Olympic but latterly underperforming competitors and their matched control subjects. Cardiorespiratory data were directly determined from their work to volitional exhaustion on either a treadmill, cycle, or rowing ergometer. Anaerobic power and capacity were evaluated through modified Wingate tests. For psychometric assessments, the Profile of Mood States (POMS) was used. For the Olympic competitors, one-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant increases (p less than 0.05) in body weight, maximum respiratory exchange ratio, maximum oxygen consumption, and heart rate at the anaerobic threshold, following the rest period. There was also a significant reduction in fatigue and mood profile score, and a significant increase in vigour. No significant changes were found in the matched control subjects. The present data show that resting for 3-5 weeks assists underperforming elite competitors to improve their aerobic performance.
本研究考察了3至5周身体休息对12名曾是奥运会选手但近期表现不佳的运动员及其匹配的对照对象在选定的身体、生理和心理参数方面的影响。心肺数据直接通过他们在跑步机、自行车或划船测力计上运动至自愿疲惫时测得。通过改良的温盖特测试评估无氧功率和能力。心理测量评估采用情绪状态剖面图（POMS）。对于奥运会选手，单因素方差分析（ANOVA）显示，休息期过后，体重、最大呼吸交换率、最大耗氧量以及无氧阈心率均显著增加（p小于0.05）。疲劳和情绪剖面图得分也显著降低，活力则显著增加。在匹配的对照对象中未发现显著变化。目前的数据表明，休息3至5周有助于表现不佳的优秀运动员提高其有氧能力。
