Department of Biological Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2010 Dec;8(12):879-89. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro2465.
Fungal aromatic polyketides constitute a large family of bioactive natural products and are synthesized by the non-reducing group of iterative polyketide synthases (PKSs). Their diverse structures arise from selective enzymatic modifications of reactive, enzyme-bound poly-β-keto intermediates. How iterative PKSs control starter unit selection, polyketide chain initiation and elongation, intermediate folding and cyclization, selective redox or modification reactions during assembly, and product release are central mechanistic questions underlying iterative catalysis. This Review highlights recent insights into these questions, with a particular focus on the biosynthetic programming of fungal aromatic polyketides, and draws comparisons with the allied biosynthetic processes in bacteria.
真菌芳香聚酮化合物构成了一大类具有生物活性的天然产物，由非还原性的多酮合酶（PKSs）组合成。它们的多种结构来源于对反应性、酶结合的多β-酮中间产物的选择性酶促修饰。迭代 PKS 如何控制起始单元选择、聚酮链起始和延伸、中间折叠和环化、组装过程中的选择性氧化还原或修饰反应以及产物释放，这些都是迭代催化的核心机制问题。这篇综述强调了最近对这些问题的深入了解，特别关注真菌芳香聚酮的生物合成编程，并与细菌中相关的生物合成过程进行了比较。
