Programa de Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Rua Uruguai, 458, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2011 Feb;383(2):149-58. doi: 10.1007/s00210-010-0582-x. Epub 2010 Dec 8.
Syzygium aromaticum, a medicinal plant commonly known as clove, is used to treat toothache, respiratory disorders, inflammation, and gastrointestinal disorders. From the flower buds of S. aromaticum, it is possible to obtain an essential oil comprised of a mixture of aliphatic and cyclic volatile terpenes and phenylpropanoids, being eugenol as the main component. The aims of this study were: (1) to extract the essential oil of the flower buds of S. aromaticum, (2) to identify and quantify the main component of the essential oil, and (3) to evaluate its antiulcer activity using different animal models. Assays were performed using the following protocols in rats: indomethacin-induced and ethanol/HCl-induced ulcer model. Both essential oils from S. aromaticum and eugenol displayed antiulcer activities in the rat models of indomethacin- and ethanol-induced ulcer. Studies focusing on the possible mechanisms of gastroprotection were also undertaken using the following experiments: evaluation of gastric secretion by the pylorus-ligated model, determination of mucus in gastric content, participation of nitric oxide (NO) and endogenous sulfhydryl in gastric protection. The results show that there was no significant effect on the volume of gastric juice and total acidity. However, the quantification of free gastric mucus showed that the clove oil and eugenol were capable of significantly enhancing mucus production. With regard to the NO and endogenous sulfhydryls, the results demonstrated that the gastroprotection induced by clove oil and eugenol are not related to the activities of the nitric oxide and endogenous sulfhydryls. No sign of toxicity was observed in the acute toxicity study. In conclusion, the results of this study show that essential oil of S. aromaticum, as well as its main component (eugenol), possesses antiulcer activity. The data suggest that the effectiveness of the essential oil and eugenol is based on its ability to stimulate the synthesis of mucus, an important gastroprotective factor. However, further pharmacological and toxicological investigations are required to enable its use for the treatment of gastric ulcer.
丁香，一种药用植物，通常被称为丁香，用于治疗牙痛、呼吸障碍、炎症和胃肠道疾病。从丁香花蕾中，可以获得一种由脂族和环状挥发性萜烯和苯丙素组成的精油，其中丁香酚是主要成分。本研究的目的是：（1）提取丁香花蕾的精油，（2）鉴定和定量精油的主要成分，（3）使用不同的动物模型评估其抗溃疡活性。在大鼠中进行了以下方案的测定：吲哚美辛诱导和乙醇/盐酸诱导溃疡模型。丁香精油和丁香酚均在吲哚美辛和乙醇诱导的大鼠溃疡模型中表现出抗溃疡活性。还进行了关注胃保护可能机制的研究，使用了以下实验：幽门结扎模型评估胃分泌、胃内容物中粘液的测定、一氧化氮（NO）和内源性巯基在胃保护中的参与。结果表明，对胃液量和总酸度没有显著影响。然而，游离胃粘液的定量表明，丁香油和丁香酚能够显著增强粘液的产生。关于 NO 和内源性巯基，结果表明，丁香油和丁香酚诱导的胃保护与一氧化氮和内源性巯基的活性无关。在急性毒性研究中未观察到毒性迹象。总之，本研究结果表明，丁香精油及其主要成分（丁香酚）具有抗溃疡活性。数据表明，精油和丁香酚的有效性基于其刺激粘液合成的能力，粘液是一种重要的胃保护因子。然而，需要进一步的药理学和毒理学研究，才能将其用于治疗胃溃疡。
