南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省失去艾滋病儿童的妇女的经历：一项定性研究。
Experiences of women who have lost young children to AIDS in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a qualitative study.
机构信息
Lehman College of the City, University of New York, USA.
出版信息
J Int AIDS Soc. 2010 Dec 9;13:50. doi: 10.1186/1758-2652-13-50.
BACKGROUND
AIDS continues to be the leading cause of death in South Africa. Little is known about the experiences of mothers who have lost a young child to AIDS. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the attitudes and experiences of women who had lost a young child to HIV/AIDS in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa.
METHODS
In-depth interviews were conducted with 10 women who had lost a child to AIDS. The average age of the deceased children was six years. Interviews were also conducted with 12 key informants to obtain their perspectives on working with women who had lost a child to AIDS. A thematic analysis of the transcripts was performed.
RESULTS
In addition to the pain of losing a child, the women in this study had to endure multiple stresses within a harsh and sometimes hostile environment. Confronted with pervasive stigma and extreme poverty, they had few people they could rely on during their child's sickness and death. They were forced to keep their emotions to themselves since they were not likely to obtain much support from family members or people in the community. Throughout the period of caring for a sick child and watching the child die, they were essentially alone. The demands of caring for their child and subsequent grief, together with daily subsistence worries, took its toll. Key informants struggled to address the needs of these women due to several factors, including scarce resources, lack of training around bereavement issues, reluctance by people in the community to seek help with emotional issues, and poverty.
CONCLUSIONS
The present study offers one of the first perspectives on the experiences of mothers who have lost a young child to AIDS. Interventions that are tailored to the local context and address bereavement issues, as well as other issues that affect the daily lives of these mothers, are urgently needed. Further studies are needed to identify factors that promote resilience among these women.
背景
艾滋病仍然是南非的主要死因。对于因艾滋病失去幼儿的母亲的经历，人们知之甚少。本定性研究的目的是探讨南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省失去艾滋病毒/艾滋病幼儿的妇女的态度和经历。
方法
对 10 名因艾滋病失去孩子的妇女进行了深入访谈。已故儿童的平均年龄为六岁。还对 12 名主要知情人进行了访谈，以了解他们对与因艾滋病失去孩子的妇女合作的看法。对记录进行了主题分析。
结果
除了失去孩子的痛苦之外，本研究中的妇女还必须在恶劣甚至有时充满敌意的环境中承受多种压力。面对普遍的污名化和极端贫困，在孩子生病和死亡期间，她们几乎没有可以依靠的人。由于她们不太可能从家庭成员或社区中的人那里获得太多支持，因此她们不得不将自己的情绪隐藏起来。在照顾生病的孩子和看着孩子死亡的整个过程中，她们基本上都是孤身一人。照顾孩子和随后的悲伤的需求，加上日常生活的忧虑，使她们疲惫不堪。由于资源匮乏、缺乏有关丧亲问题的培训、社区中的人不愿就情绪问题寻求帮助以及贫困等因素，主要知情人难以满足这些妇女的需求。
结论
本研究首次提供了对因艾滋病失去幼儿的母亲的经历的看法之一。迫切需要根据当地情况制定针对丧亲问题以及影响这些母亲日常生活的其他问题的干预措施。还需要进一步研究，以确定促进这些妇女恢复力的因素。
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