School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, England.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2011 Feb;100(2):211-28. doi: 10.1037/a0021864.
Despite extensive evidence confirming the negative consequences of self-objectification, direct experimental evidence concerning its environmental antecedents is scarce. Incidental exposure to sexist cues was employed in 3 experiments to investigate its effect on self-objectification variables. Consistent with system justification theory, exposure to benevolent and complementary forms of sexism, but not hostile or no sexism, increased state self-objectification, self-surveillance, and body shame among women but not men in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, we replicated these effects and demonstrated that they are specific to self-objectification and not due to a more general self-focus. In addition, following exposure to benevolent sexism only, women planned more future behaviors pertaining to appearance management than did men; this effect was mediated by self-surveillance and body shame. Experiment 3 revealed that the need to avoid closure might afford women some protection against self-objectification in the context of sexist ideology.
尽管有大量证据证实了自我客体化的负面影响，但关于其环境前因的直接实验证据却很少。在 3 项实验中，我们利用偶然接触性别歧视线索的方式来研究其对自我客体化变量的影响。与系统合理化理论一致，接触仁慈和互补形式的性别歧视，而不是敌对或没有性别歧视，会增加女性而非男性的状态自我客体化、自我监控和身体羞耻感，这在实验 1 中得到了验证。在实验 2 中，我们复制了这些效果，并证明它们是特定于自我客体化的，而不是由于更一般的自我关注。此外，仅在接触仁慈的性别歧视后，女性比男性计划更多与外表管理相关的未来行为；这种效果是由自我监控和身体羞耻感介导的。实验 3 表明，避免封闭的需求可能会使女性在性别歧视思想的背景下免受自我客体化的影响。
