Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Cami de l'Amàssera, 11, 03203, Elche, Alicante, Spain.
Parasitol Res. 2011 Nov;109(5):1447-52. doi: 10.1007/s00436-011-2393-5. Epub 2011 May 4.
In European countries, toxoplasma antenatal screening is recommended to prevent toxoplasmosis. The seroprevalence of these infections in immigrants can be different than in native population. From February 2006 to June 2010, a cross-sectional study was carried out in all pregnant women attended at a reference unit in Elche, Spain. An enzyme immunoassay was used for detection of IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii. For each immigrant woman, one Spanish pregnant woman of the same age cared for in the same day was recruited (Spanish control group). A total of 1,627 migrant pregnant women participated in this study. The adherence to screening among migrants was 91.9% (95% CI, 90.5-93.1%), similar than that found in Spaniards (92.2%; 95% CI, 90.8-93-4%). Among migrant women, 619 were positive for IgG anti-T. gondii antibodies (41.4%; 95% CI, 38.9-43.9%), compared with 12.0% (95% CI, 10.5-13.8%) among Spaniards (odds ratio (OR), 5.2 (95% CI, 4.3-6.3). Seroprevalence in pregnant women from Latin America, northern Africa, Eastern Europe, Africa Sub-Saharan and Western Europe was higher than in the Spanish control group (OR, 5.4, 5.8, 6.5, 5.4, and 2.4, respectively; p < 0.001). No Asian pregnant woman was immune. Seroprevalence increased with increasing age in migrant pregnant women: 15-25 years, 38.2%; 26-35 years, 40.7%; and 36-45 years, 52.8%. The seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in migrant pregnant women living in Spain was higher than in the native population. However, no cases were found in Asian immigrants, highlighting the importance of primary prevention of this infection in pregnant women coming from that geographic region.
在欧洲国家，推荐进行弓形虫产前筛查以预防弓形虫病。移民中的这些感染的血清流行率可能与本地人群不同。从 2006 年 2 月至 2010 年 6 月，在西班牙埃尔切的一个参考单位对所有孕妇进行了横断面研究。使用酶联免疫吸附试验检测针对刚地弓形虫的 IgG 抗体。对于每一位移民孕妇，招募了同一天在同一地点接受治疗的一位西班牙孕妇作为对照（西班牙对照组）。共有 1627 名移民孕妇参与了这项研究。移民孕妇的筛查依从率为 91.9%（95%CI，90.5-93.1%），与西班牙人相似（92.2%；95%CI，90.8-93.4%）。在移民孕妇中，619 人 IgG 抗 T. gondii 抗体阳性（41.4%；95%CI，38.9-43.9%），而西班牙人则为 12.0%（95%CI，10.5-13.8%）（比值比[OR]，5.2（95%CI，4.3-6.3）。来自拉丁美洲、北非、东欧、撒哈拉以南非洲和西欧的孕妇的血清流行率高于西班牙对照组（OR，5.4、5.8、6.5、5.4 和 2.4，分别；p<0.001）。没有亚洲孕妇具有免疫力。移民孕妇的血清流行率随年龄增长而增加：15-25 岁，38.2%；26-35 岁，40.7%；36-45 岁，52.8%。在西班牙生活的移民孕妇的 T. gondii 感染血清流行率高于本地人群。然而，在亚洲移民中没有发现病例，这突出了对来自该地理区域的孕妇进行这种感染的初级预防的重要性。
