西非人群中 BPH 和下尿路症状的流行情况。
Prevalence of BPH and lower urinary tract symptoms in West Africans.
机构信息
UC Berkeley School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA.
出版信息
Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2012 Jun;15(2):170-6. doi: 10.1038/pcan.2011.43. Epub 2011 Sep 13.
BACKGROUND
BPH and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are very common among older men in Western countries. However, the prevalence of these two conditions in the developing countries is less clear.
METHODS
We assessed the age-standardized prevalence of BPH and/or LUTS among West Africans in a probability sample of 950 men aged 50-74 in Accra, Ghana, with no evidence of biopsy-confirmed prostate cancer after screening with PSA and digital rectal examination (DRE). Information on LUTS was based on self-reports of the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). BPH was estimated using DRE, PSA levels and imputed prostate volume.
RESULTS
The prevalence of DRE-detected enlarged prostate was 62.3%, while that of PSA≥1.5 ng ml(-1) (an estimate of prostate volume ≥ 30 cm(3)) was 35.3%. The prevalence of moderate-to-severe LUTS (IPSS≥8) was 19.9%. The prevalence of IPSS≥8 and an enlarged prostate on DRE was 13.3%. Although there is no universally agreed-upon definition of BPH/LUTS, making comparisons across populations difficult, BPH and/or LUTS appear to be quite common among older Ghanaian men.
CONCLUSIONS
We found that after age standardization, the prevalence of DRE-detected enlarged prostate in Ghanaian men is higher than previously reported for American men, but the prevalence of LUTS was lower than previously reported for African Americans. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and identify the risk factors for BPH in both Africans and African Americans.
背景
良性前列腺增生（BPH）和下尿路症状（LUTS）在西方国家的老年男性中非常常见。然而，这两种疾病在发展中国家的流行情况尚不清楚。
方法
我们在加纳阿克拉的一个 950 名 50-74 岁的男性概率样本中评估了西非人的 BPH 和/或 LUTS 的年龄标准化患病率，这些男性在经过 PSA 和直肠指检（DRE）筛查后没有活检证实的前列腺癌证据。LUTS 信息基于国际前列腺症状评分（IPSS）的自我报告。BPH 使用 DRE、PSA 水平和推断的前列腺体积进行估计。
结果
DRE 检测到的前列腺增大的患病率为 62.3%，而 PSA≥1.5ng/ml（估计前列腺体积≥30cm3）的患病率为 35.3%。中度至重度 LUTS（IPSS≥8）的患病率为 19.9%。IPSS≥8 和 DRE 上前列腺增大的患病率为 13.3%。尽管没有普遍同意的 BPH/LUTS 定义，使得跨人群比较变得困难，但 BPH 和/或 LUTS 在加纳老年男性中似乎相当常见。
结论
我们发现，在年龄标准化后，加纳男性 DRE 检测到的前列腺增大的患病率高于以前报道的美国男性，但 LUTS 的患病率低于以前报道的非裔美国人。需要进一步研究来证实这些发现，并确定非洲人和非裔美国人中 BPH 的风险因素。
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