Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
J Nutr Health Aging. 2011 Dec;15(10):896-900. doi: 10.1007/s12603-011-0119-0.
Diet is one of the few modifiable risk factors for age-related hearing loss. We aimed to examine the link between dietary and supplement intakes of antioxidants, and both the prevalence and 5-year incidence of measured hearing loss.
Cross-sectional and 5-year longitudinal analyses.
Blue Mountains, Sydney, Australia.
2,956 Blue Mountains Hearing Study participants aged 50+ at baseline, examined during 1997-9 to 2002-4.
Age-related hearing loss was measured and defined as the pure-tone average of frequencies 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 kHz >25 dB HL. Dietary data were collected in a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and intakes of α-carotene; β-carotene; β-cryptoxanthin; lutein and zeaxanthin; lycopene; vitamins A, C and E; iron and zinc were calculated.
After adjusting for age, sex, smoking, education, occupational noise exposure, family history of hearing loss, history of diagnosed diabetes and stroke, each standard deviation (SD) increase in dietary vitamin E intake was associated with a 14% reduced likelihood of prevalent hearing loss, odds ratio, OR, 0.86 (95% confidence interval, CI, 0.78-0.98). Those in the highest quintile of dietary vitamin A intake had a 47% reduced risk of having moderate or greater hearing loss (>40 dB HL) compared to those in the lowest quintile of intake, multivariable-adjusted OR 0.53 (CI 0.30-0.92), P for trend = 0.04. However, dietary antioxidant intake was not associated with the 5-year incidence of hearing loss.
Dietary vitamin A and vitamin E intake were significantly associated with the prevalence of hearing loss. However, dietary antioxidant intake did not increase the risk of incident hearing loss. Further large, prospective studies are warranted to assess these relationships in older adults.
饮食是与年龄相关的听力损失相关的少数可改变的危险因素之一。我们旨在研究抗氧化剂的饮食和补充摄入量与已测量听力损失的患病率和 5 年发病率之间的联系。
横断面和 5 年纵向分析。
澳大利亚悉尼蓝山。
2956 名在基线时年龄在 50 岁以上的蓝山听力研究参与者，于 1997-9 年至 2002-4 年期间接受检查。
年龄相关性听力损失通过测量并定义为 0.5、1.0、2.0 和 4.0 kHz 频率的纯音平均> 25 dB HL。饮食数据通过半定量食物频率问卷收集，并计算了 α-胡萝卜素；β-胡萝卜素；β-隐黄质；叶黄素和玉米黄质；番茄红素；维生素 A、C 和 E；铁和锌的摄入量。
在调整年龄、性别、吸烟、教育、职业性噪声暴露、听力损失家族史、已诊断的糖尿病和中风史后，饮食中维生素 E 摄入量每增加一个标准差（SD），与患病率降低 14%相关，优势比（OR）为 0.86（95%置信区间，CI，0.78-0.98）。与摄入量最低五分位数的人相比，饮食中维生素 A 摄入量最高五分位数的人发生中度或更重度听力损失（>40 dB HL）的风险降低了 47%，多变量调整后的 OR 为 0.53（CI 0.30-0.92），趋势检验的 P 值为 0.04。然而，饮食抗氧化剂的摄入量与 5 年内听力损失的发生率无关。
饮食中维生素 A 和维生素 E 的摄入量与听力损失的患病率显著相关。然而，饮食中抗氧化剂的摄入量并没有增加听力损失的风险。需要进一步进行大型前瞻性研究来评估这些关系在老年人中的情况。
