Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA.
Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2012 Mar;9(1):44-51. doi: 10.1007/s11904-011-0103-7.
Understanding of the human microbiome continues to grow rapidly; however, reports on changes in the microbiome after HIV infection are still limited. This review surveys the progress made in methodology associated with microbiome studies and highlights the remaining challenges to this field. Studies have shown that commensal oral, gut, vaginal, and penile bacteria are vital to the health of the human immune system. Our studies on crosstalk among oral and gastrointestinal soluble innate factors, HIV, and microbes indicated that the oral and gut microbiome was altered in the HIV-positive samples compared to the negative controls. The importance of understanding the bacterial component of HIV/AIDS, and likelihood of "crosstalk" between viral and bacterial pathogens, will help in understanding the role of the microbiome in HIV-infected individuals and facilitate identification of novel antiretroviral factors for use as novel diagnostics, microbicides, or therapeutics against HIV infection.
人类微生物组的研究进展迅速；然而，有关 HIV 感染后微生物组变化的报告仍然有限。本综述调查了与微生物组研究相关的方法学进展，并强调了该领域仍存在的挑战。研究表明，口腔、肠道、阴道和阴茎共生细菌对人体免疫系统的健康至关重要。我们关于口腔和胃肠道可溶性先天因子、HIV 和微生物之间相互作用的研究表明，与阴性对照组相比，HIV 阳性样本中的口腔和肠道微生物组发生了改变。了解 HIV/AIDS 中细菌成分的重要性，以及病毒和细菌病原体之间“相互作用”的可能性，将有助于理解微生物组在 HIV 感染者中的作用，并有助于确定新的抗逆转录病毒因子，用于 HIV 感染的新型诊断、杀微生物剂或治疗。
