Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
J Community Health. 2012 Oct;37(5):1119-26. doi: 10.1007/s10900-012-9553-0.
The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and to examine factors related to HBV screening and vaccination among various Asian and Latino populations in Alameda County, CA. A cross-sectional study was conducted on Asian and Latino residents who registered with an HBV screening program from June 2009-February 2011. All participants completed a sociodemographic survey and were offered free HBV blood testing for the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody (HBsAb). The 3-shot vaccination series was provided for free to unprotected participants. Among the 792 registered participants, 84.4% (n = 669) received a blood test. Of the 669 tested participants, 7.9% (n = 53) tested HBV positive (HBsAg+, HBsAb -), 46.2% (n = 309) were protected (HBsAg -, HBsAb +), and 45.9% (n = 307) were susceptible to HBV infection (HBsAg -, HBsAb -). Among those unprotected, 60% completed the vaccine series. Multivariate analysis showed that being Vietnamese (OR = 5.53, 95% CI 1.54, 19.85), living in the US >10 years (OR = 2.12, 95% CI 1.13, 3.97), and having at least a college education (OR = 2.55, 95% CI 1.28, 5.07) were important predictors of vaccine completion. Given the various HBsAg + prevalence, screening, and vaccine completion rates among the different ethnic groups in this study, it is clear that different approaches in screening and vaccinating individual ethnic groups for hepatitis B are warranted.
本研究旨在估计乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染的流行率，并检查加利福尼亚州阿拉米达县不同亚裔和拉丁裔人群中与 HBV 筛查和疫苗接种相关的因素。我们对 2009 年 6 月至 2011 年 2 月期间参加 HBV 筛查计划的亚裔和拉丁裔居民进行了横断面研究。所有参与者都完成了一份社会人口统计学调查，并提供免费的 HBV 血液检测，用于检测乙型肝炎表面抗原 (HBsAg) 和抗体 (HBsAb)。未受保护的参与者可免费获得 3 针疫苗接种系列。在 792 名登记的参与者中，84.4%（n=669）接受了血液检测。在接受检测的 669 名参与者中，7.9%（n=53）HBV 阳性（HBsAg+，HBsAb-），46.2%（n=309）有保护力（HBsAg-，HBsAb+），45.9%（n=307）易感染 HBV（HBsAg-，HBsAb-）。在未受保护的人群中，60%完成了疫苗系列。多变量分析表明，越南裔（OR=5.53，95%CI 1.54，19.85）、在美国居住时间>10 年（OR=2.12，95%CI 1.13，3.97）和至少受过大学教育（OR=2.55，95%CI 1.28，5.07）是疫苗接种完成的重要预测因素。鉴于本研究中不同族裔群体的 HBsAg+流行率、筛查率和疫苗接种完成率不同，显然需要针对不同族裔群体采取不同的乙型肝炎筛查和疫苗接种方法。
