Lin Pao-Hwa, Allen Jason D, Li Yi-Ju, Yu Miao, Lien Lillian F, Svetkey Laura P
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
J Nutr Metab. 2012;2012:472396. doi: 10.1155/2012/472396. Epub 2012 Jan 30.
Potential blood pressure- (BP-) lowering mechanisms of the DASH dietary pattern were measured in 20 unmedicated hypertensive adults in a controlled feeding study. At screening, participants averaged 44.3 ± 7.8 years, BMI 33.9 ± 6.6 Kg/m(2), and BP 144.2 ± 9.38/88.5 ± 6.03 mmHg. All consumed a control diet for one week, then were randomized to control or DASH for another two weeks (week one and two). With DASH, but not controls, SBP fell by 10.65 ± 12.89 (P = 0.023) and 9.60 ± 11.23 (P = 0.039) mmHg and DBP by 5.95 ± 8.01 (P = 0.069) and 8.60 ± 9.13 mmHg (P = 0.011) at the end of week one and two, respectively. Univariate regressions showed that changes in urinary sodium/potassium ratio (β = 1.99) and plasma renin activity (β = -15.78) and percent change in plasma nitrite after hyperemia were associated with SBP changes at week one (all P < 0.05). Plasma nitrite following hyperemia showed a treatment effect (P = 0.014) and increased at week two (P = 0.001). Pulse wave velocity decreased over time with DASH (trend P = 0.019), and reached significance at week two (P = 0.026). This response may be mediated by an improvement in upregulation of nitric oxide bioavailability. Early natriuresis and reductions in oxidative stress cannot be ruled out. Future studies are needed to verify these findings, assess the possibility of earlier effects, and examine other potential mediators.
在一项对照喂养研究中，对20名未服用药物的高血压成年人测量了得舒饮食模式潜在的降血压机制。筛查时，参与者的平均年龄为44.3±7.8岁，体重指数为33.9±6.6kg/m²，血压为144.2±9.38/88.5±6.03mmHg。所有人先食用一周对照饮食，然后随机分为对照组或得舒饮食组，再持续两周（第一周和第二周）。采用得舒饮食的参与者，而非对照组，在第一周和第二周结束时，收缩压分别下降了10.65±12.89（P=0.023）和9.60±11.23（P=0.039）mmHg，舒张压分别下降了5.95±8.01（P=0.069）和8.60±9.13mmHg（P=0.011）。单变量回归分析显示，尿钠/钾比值的变化（β=1.99）、血浆肾素活性（β=-15.78）以及充血后血浆亚硝酸盐的百分比变化与第一周收缩压的变化相关（所有P<0.05）。充血后血浆亚硝酸盐显示出治疗效果（P=0.014），并在第二周升高（P=0.001）。采用得舒饮食时，脉搏波速度随时间下降（趋势P=0.019），并在第二周达到显著水平（P=0.026）。这种反应可能是由一氧化氮生物利用度上调的改善介导的。不能排除早期利钠作用和氧化应激的降低。需要进一步的研究来验证这些发现，评估更早出现效果的可能性，并研究其他潜在的介导因素。
