Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Scand J Prim Health Care. 2012 Jun;30(2):88-94. doi: 10.3109/02813432.2012.684207.
To describe the prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension in a Swedish population during the early 2000s to address implications for care and prevention.
A cross-sectional population survey.
Primary health care in Skaraborg, a rural part of western Sweden.
Participants (n =2816) in a population survey of a random sample of men and women between 30 and 75 years of age in the municipalities of Vara (81% participation rate) and Skövde (70%), in western Sweden during 2001-2005.
Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, leisure-time physical activity, current smoking, fasting glucose, and cholesterol. Hypertension was defined as ongoing treatment for hypertension, or three consecutive blood pressure readings ≥140 systolic and/or ≥90 mmHg diastolic. Hypertension was considered controlled when the blood pressure was <140/90 mm Hg (both).
The prevalence of hypertension was 20% in both men and women with a steep increase by age. Among hypertensive subjects, 33% were unaware, 36% aware but uncontrolled, and 31% aware and controlled, with no statistically significant differences between men and women. Patients with diabetes had a higher awareness (87% vs. 64%, p <0.001), but the same control rate (56% vs. 44%, p =0.133), when compared with those without diabetes.
A large proportion of subjects with hypertension are still unaware of their condition, or aware but not controlled. It is important to emphasize population-based prevention to reduce the prevalence of hypertension, to perform screening to increase awareness, and to improve implementation of expert guidelines in clinical practice to improve control.
描述 21 世纪初瑞典人群中高血压的患病率、知晓率和控制率，以探讨其对治疗和预防的影响。
横断面人群调查。
瑞典西部萨勒堡的初级保健。
参加在瑞典西部瓦尔纳市（81%的参与率）和斯科夫德市（70%）30 至 75 岁男女随机抽样人群调查的 2816 名参与者。
人体测量指标、血压、休闲时间体力活动、当前吸烟状况、空腹血糖和胆固醇。高血压定义为正在接受高血压治疗，或连续三次血压读数≥140 收缩压和/或≥90mmHg 舒张压。当血压<140/90mmHg（均）时，高血压被认为得到控制。
男性和女性的高血压患病率均为 20%，且随年龄增长呈陡峭上升趋势。在高血压患者中，33%的患者未意识到自己的病情，36%的患者虽已意识到但血压未得到控制，31%的患者虽已意识到但血压得到控制，男性和女性之间无统计学差异。与无糖尿病的患者相比，患有糖尿病的患者知晓率更高（87%比 64%，p<0.001），但控制率相同（56%比 44%，p=0.133）。
很大一部分高血压患者仍未意识到自己的病情，或已意识到但血压未得到控制。强调基于人群的预防措施以降低高血压的患病率，进行筛查以提高知晓率，并在临床实践中改进专家指南的实施，以改善控制率，这一点很重要。
