Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Sannio, via Port'Arsa 11, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
PPAR Res. 2012;2012:687492. doi: 10.1155/2012/687492. Epub 2012 Jul 16.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) plays critical roles in lipid storage, glucose metabolism, energy homeostasis, adipocyte differentiation, inflammation, and cancer. Its function in colon carcinogenesis has largely been debated; accumulating evidence, however, supports a role as tumor suppressor through modulation of crucial pathways in cell differentiation, apoptosis, and metastatic dissemination. Epigenetics adds a further layer of complexity to gene regulation in several biological processes. In cancer, the relationship with epigenetic modifications has provided important insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms. These studies have highlighted how epigenetic modifications influence PPARG gene expression in colorectal tumorigenesis. In this paper, we take a comprehensive look at the current understanding of the relationship between PPARγ and cancer development. The role that epigenetic mechanisms play is also addressed disclosing novel crosstalks between PPARG signaling and the epigenetic machinery and suggesting how this dysregulation may contribute to colon cancer development.
过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 γ（PPARγ）在脂质储存、葡萄糖代谢、能量平衡、脂肪细胞分化、炎症和癌症中发挥着关键作用。然而，其在结肠癌发生中的作用仍存在很大争议；越来越多的证据支持其作为肿瘤抑制因子的作用，通过调节细胞分化、细胞凋亡和转移扩散等关键途径。表观遗传学为几个生物学过程中的基因调控增加了一个额外的复杂层次。在癌症中，与表观遗传修饰的关系为深入了解潜在的分子机制提供了重要的见解。这些研究强调了表观遗传修饰如何影响结直肠肿瘤发生中的 PPARG 基因表达。在本文中，我们全面回顾了 PPARγ 与癌症发展之间关系的现有认识。还讨论了表观遗传机制所起的作用，揭示了 PPARG 信号与表观遗传机制之间的新串扰，并提出了这种失调如何可能导致结肠癌的发展。
