Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation and the School of Public Health and Social Work, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2012 Sep 8;9:106. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-106.
Gender differences in cycling are well-documented. However, most analyses of gender differences make broad comparisons, with few studies modeling male and female cycling patterns separately for recreational and transport cycling. This modeling is important, in order to improve our efforts to promote cycling to women and men in countries like Australia with low rates of transport cycling. The main aim of this study was to examine gender differences in cycling patterns and in motivators and constraints to cycling, separately for recreational and transport cycling.
Adult members of a Queensland, Australia, community bicycling organization completed an online survey about their cycling patterns; cycling purposes; and personal, social and perceived environmental motivators and constraints (47% response rate). Closed and open-end questions were completed. Using the quantitative data, multivariable linear, logistic and ordinal regression models were used to examine associations between gender and cycling patterns, motivators and constraints. The qualitative data were thematically analyzed to expand upon the quantitative findings.
In this sample of 1862 bicyclists, men were more likely than women to cycle for recreation and for transport, and they cycled for longer. Most transport cycling was for commuting, with men more likely than women to commute by bicycle. Men were more likely to cycle on-road, and women off-road. However, most men and women did not prefer to cycle on-road without designed bicycle lanes, and qualitative data indicated a strong preference by men and women for bicycle-only off-road paths. Both genders reported personal factors (health and enjoyment related) as motivators for cycling, although women were more likely to agree that other personal, social and environmental factors were also motivating. The main constraints for both genders and both cycling purposes were perceived environmental factors related to traffic conditions, motorist aggression and safety. Women, however, reported more constraints, and were more likely to report as constraints other environmental factors and personal factors.
Differences found in men's and women's cycling patterns, motivators and constraints should be considered in efforts to promote cycling, particularly in efforts to increase cycling for transport.
骑自行车的性别差异有充分的记录。然而，大多数关于性别差异的分析都是进行广泛的比较，很少有研究分别对男性和女性的休闲和交通骑行模式进行建模。这种建模很重要，以便在澳大利亚等国家，提高我们向男性和女性推广骑行的努力，这些国家的交通骑行率较低。本研究的主要目的是分别对休闲和交通骑行，研究性别差异在骑行模式以及骑行的动机和障碍因素。
澳大利亚昆士兰州一个社区自行车组织的成年成员完成了一项关于他们的骑行模式、骑行目的以及个人、社会和感知环境的动机和障碍因素（47%的回应率）的在线调查。完成了封闭和开放式问题。利用定量数据，使用多变量线性、逻辑和有序回归模型来检验性别与骑行模式、动机和障碍因素之间的关联。对定性数据进行了主题分析，以扩展定量研究结果。
在这个由 1862 名自行车手组成的样本中，男性比女性更有可能为休闲和交通目的而骑车，而且他们骑的时间更长。大多数交通骑行是为了通勤，男性比女性更有可能骑自行车通勤。男性更有可能在道路上骑车，而女性则更有可能在非道路上骑车。然而，大多数男性和女性都不喜欢在没有设计自行车道的道路上骑车，定性数据表明，男性和女性都强烈倾向于只供自行车使用的非道路路径。男性和女性都报告个人因素（与健康和享受相关）是骑行的动机因素，尽管女性更有可能认为其他个人、社会和环境因素也具有激励作用。交通条件、机动车司机攻击性和安全等感知环境因素是两种性别和两种骑行目的的主要障碍因素。然而，女性报告的障碍因素更多，而且更有可能将其他环境因素和个人因素报告为障碍因素。
在促进骑行，特别是增加交通骑行的努力中，应该考虑到男性和女性在骑行模式、动机和障碍因素方面的差异。
