Wells Mary Ellen, Vaughn Bradley V
Neurodiagnostics and Sleep Science School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Neurodiagn J. 2012 Sep;52(3):233-49.
Sleep is integral to the health and well-being of all people. Sleep disorders are on the rise and affect millions of people in America. Misconceptions about sleep are prevalent, and the negative effects of poor sleep on society are underrepresented. The goal of this study is to investigate and report the effects of poor sleep on society. Information is obtained through a systematic review of current literature, including journal articles, books, and reports. Multiple themes emerged from the literature review relative to poor sleep and societal impacts. These themes include major disasters related to insufficient sleep, performance and productivity, stress, drowsy driving, substance use and abuse, mortality and morbidity, overall health and wellbeing, effects on healthcare systems, and economic costs. Poor sleep decreases human productivity and performance, and increases mortality and morbidity. The National Sleep Foundation estimates that poor sleep costs America billions of dollars each year and greatly compromises public safety and health. Possible solutions to the Nation's sleep problem may begin with promoting education and awareness of sleep disorders and their negative societal impact, research in sleep medicine, as well as public education about healthy sleep. The beginnings of these solutions lie in the hands of healthcare workers and educational institutions. Interventions in the form of questionnaires have been validated as effective in determining a person's risk of sleep apnea. The STOP-BANG questionnaire is one such intervention that may be useful by allied health professionals to assist in patient screening of sleep apnea.
睡眠对所有人的健康和幸福至关重要。睡眠障碍正在增加，影响着数百万美国人。关于睡眠的误解很普遍，而睡眠不足对社会的负面影响却未得到充分体现。本研究的目的是调查并报告睡眠不足对社会的影响。信息通过对当前文献的系统综述获得，包括期刊文章、书籍和报告。文献综述中出现了多个与睡眠不足和社会影响相关的主题。这些主题包括与睡眠不足相关的重大灾难、工作表现和生产力、压力、疲劳驾驶、物质使用和滥用、死亡率和发病率、整体健康和幸福、对医疗系统的影响以及经济成本。睡眠不足会降低人类生产力和表现，并增加死亡率和发病率。美国国家睡眠基金会估计，睡眠不足每年给美国造成数十亿美元的损失，并极大地损害了公共安全和健康。解决美国睡眠问题的可能办法或许始于促进对睡眠障碍及其负面社会影响的教育和认识、睡眠医学研究以及关于健康睡眠的公众教育。这些解决办法的开端掌握在医护人员和教育机构手中。问卷调查形式的干预措施已被证实可有效确定一个人患睡眠呼吸暂停的风险。“STOP - BANG问卷”就是这样一种干预措施，可能有助于健康专业人员协助对患者进行睡眠呼吸暂停筛查。
