Grupo de Parasitología, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012 Nov;87(5):837-42. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0086. Epub 2012 Oct 1.
Knowledge of the prevalence and risk factors associated with maternal infection is the first step to develop a surveillance system for congenital transmission of Chagas disease. We conducted a cross-sectional study in Casanare, a disease-endemic area in Colombia. A total of 982 patients were enrolled in the study. A global prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection of 4.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.8-5.3%) was found. Multivariate analysis showed that the most important risk-associated factors were age > 29 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.4, 95% CI = 0.9-12.4), rural residency (aOR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.0-4.6), low education level (aOR = 10.2, 95% CI = 1.6-82.7), and previous knowledge of the vector (aOR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.0-4.9). Relatives and siblings of infected mothers showed a prevalence of 9.3%. These findings may help physicians to investigate congenital cases, screen Chagas disease in siblings and relatives, and provide early treatment to prevent the chronic complications of Chagas disease.
了解与母体感染相关的流行率和风险因素是建立恰加斯病先天性传播监测系统的第一步。我们在哥伦比亚疾病流行地区卡萨尔纳雷进行了一项横断面研究。共有 982 名患者入组研究。发现克氏锥虫感染的全球流行率为 4.0%（95%置信区间[CI]为 2.8-5.3%）。多变量分析表明，最重要的相关风险因素是年龄>29 岁（调整后的优势比[aOR] = 3.4，95%CI = 0.9-12.4）、农村居住（aOR = 2.2，95%CI = 1.0-4.6）、低教育水平（aOR = 10.2，95%CI = 1.6-82.7）和对病媒的先前了解（aOR = 2.2，95%CI = 1.0-4.9）。受感染母亲的亲属和兄弟姐妹的患病率为 9.3%。这些发现可能有助于医生调查先天性病例，筛查兄弟姐妹和亲属的恰加斯病，并提供早期治疗以预防恰加斯病的慢性并发症。
