Hynd G W, Semrud-Clikeman M, Lorys A R, Novey E S, Eliopulos D
Department of Special Education, University of Georgia, Athens 30602.
Arch Neurol. 1990 Aug;47(8):919-26. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1990.00530080107018.
This study examined the specificity of deviations in patterns of normal brain asymmetry on the magnetic resonance imaging scans of 10 dyslexic, 10 attention deficit disorder/hyperactivity (ADD/H), and 10 normal age- and sex-matched control children. Reliabilities of region of interest measurements for left and right anterior and posterior width and area, length of the bilateral insular region, and length of the bilateral planum temporale were excellent. Both the dyslexic and ADD/H children had significantly smaller right anterior-width measurements than did normal subjects. The dyslexics also had a bilaterally smaller insular region and significantly smaller left planum temporale than did the normal subjects. Seventy percent of the normal and ADD/H children had the expected left greater than right pattern of plana asymmetry, while only 10% of the dyslexic children did. The very significant increase in the incidence of plana symmetry or reversed asymmetry seems unique to dyslexia and may be related to deviations in normal patterns of corticogenesis. Although significantly more dyslexic children were left-handed than were the normal and ADD/H children, no significant relationship emerged between left-handedness, incidence of allergies or familial autoimmune disease, and variability in indexes of brain morphologic findings.
本研究对10名诵读困难儿童、10名注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADD/H）儿童以及10名年龄和性别匹配的正常对照儿童的磁共振成像扫描结果进行了检查，以探究正常脑不对称模式偏差的特异性。对左右前、后宽度和面积、双侧岛叶区域长度以及双侧颞平面长度的感兴趣区域测量的可靠性极佳。诵读困难儿童和ADD/H儿童的右侧前宽度测量值均显著小于正常受试者。诵读困难儿童的双侧岛叶区域也较小，且左侧颞平面明显小于正常受试者。70%的正常儿童和ADD/H儿童呈现出预期的左侧大于右侧的颞平面不对称模式，而只有10%的诵读困难儿童是如此。颞平面对称性或不对称反转发生率的显著增加似乎是诵读困难所特有的，可能与正常皮质发生模式的偏差有关。尽管诵读困难儿童中左利手的比例明显高于正常儿童和ADD/H儿童，但左利手、过敏或家族性自身免疫性疾病的发生率与脑形态学发现指标的变异性之间并未出现显著关联。
