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Schizophr Bull. 2013 Nov;39(6):1211-8. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbt130. Epub 2013 Sep 26.
It is unknown whether measures adapted from social neuroscience linked to specific neural systems will demonstrate relationships to external variables. Four paradigms adapted from social neuroscience were administered to 173 clinically stable outpatients with schizophrenia to determine their relationships to functionally meaningful variables and to investigate their incremental validity beyond standard measures of social and nonsocial cognition. The 4 paradigms included 2 that assess perception of nonverbal social and action cues (basic biological motion and emotion in biological motion) and 2 that involve higher level inferences about self and others' mental states (self-referential memory and empathic accuracy). Overall, social neuroscience paradigms showed significant relationships to functional capacity but weak relationships to community functioning; the paradigms also showed weak correlations to clinical symptoms. Evidence for incremental validity beyond standard measures of social and nonsocial cognition was mixed with additional predictive power shown for functional capacity but not community functioning. Of the newly adapted paradigms, the empathic accuracy task had the broadest external validity. These results underscore the difficulty of translating developments from neuroscience into clinically useful tasks with functional significance.
目前尚不清楚是否可以采用与特定神经系统相关的社会神经科学措施来证明与外部变量的关系。本研究对 173 名临床稳定的精神分裂症门诊患者进行了四种源自社会神经科学的范式测试，以确定它们与功能有意义的变量之间的关系，并研究其在超越社会和非社会认知的标准测量之外的增量有效性。这 4 种范式包括评估非言语社会和动作线索感知的 2 种范式（基本生物运动和生物运动中的情绪）和涉及关于自我和他人心理状态的更高层次推断的 2 种范式（自我参照记忆和同理心准确性）。总体而言，社会神经科学范式与功能能力呈显著相关，但与社区功能的相关性较弱；这些范式与临床症状也只有微弱的相关性。除了在社会和非社会认知的标准测量方面具有额外的预测能力外，标准测量之外的增量有效性的证据也是混杂的，而对功能能力具有额外的预测能力，但对社区功能则没有。在新改编的范式中，同理心准确性任务具有最广泛的外部有效性。这些结果强调了将神经科学的发展转化为具有功能意义的临床有用任务的困难。
