University of Beira Interior, Sport Sciences Department , Covilhã, Portugal ; Research Centre in Sports, Health and Human Development , Vila Real, Portugal.
J Sports Sci Med. 2010 Mar 1;9(1):71-8. eCollection 2010.
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of 8-weeks of training on active drag in young swimmers of both genders. Eight girls and twelve boys' belonging to the same swimming team and with regular competitive participation in national and regional events for the previous two seasons participated in this study. Active drag measurements were conducted in two different evaluation moments: at the beginning of the season and after 8 weeks of training (6.0 ± 0.15 training units per week, 21.00 ± 3.23 km per week and 3.50 ± 0.23 km per training unit). The maximal swimming velocity at the distance of 13 m, active drag and drag coefficient were measured on both trials by the method of small perturbations with the help of an additional hydrodynamic body. After 8 weeks of training, mean active drag (drag force and drag coefficient) decreased in girls and boys, although no significant differences were found between the two trials. It seems that 8 weeks of swimming training were not sufficient to allow significant improvements on swimming technique. Key pointsThe velocity perturbation method seems to be a good, simple and reliable approach to assess active drag in young swimmers.Eight weeks of swimming training were not sufficient to allow significant improvements on swimming hydrodynamics.There were no differences between boys and girls concerning active drag. A possible explanation may be related to the similar values of body mass and height in boys and girls found in this study.Specific training sets concerning technique correction and improvement in young swimmers might be a main aim during training planning.
本研究旨在评估 8 周训练对男女青少年游泳运动员主动阻力的影响。本研究纳入了同一游泳队的 8 名女孩和 12 名男孩，他们在前两个赛季均定期参加全国和地区性比赛。主动阻力测量在两个不同的评估时刻进行：赛季开始时和 8 周训练后（每周训练 6.0 ± 0.15 个单位，每周 21.00 ± 3.23 公里，每个训练单位 3.50 ± 0.23 公里）。在 13 米距离上，通过小扰动法测量最大游泳速度、主动阻力和阻力系数，借助额外的水动力体进行两次测试。8 周训练后，女孩和男孩的平均主动阻力（阻力和阻力系数）均下降，但两次测试之间无显著差异。似乎 8 周的游泳训练不足以使游泳技术有显著提高。关键点：速度扰动法似乎是评估青少年游泳运动员主动阻力的一种良好、简单、可靠的方法。8 周的游泳训练不足以使游泳水动力有显著提高。男孩和女孩的主动阻力无差异。可能的解释与本研究中发现的男孩和女孩体质量和身高相似有关。在训练计划中，针对技术纠正和提高的特定训练组可能是主要目标。
