Department of Evolution of Tumor Metabolism and Pharmacology, Hala Alfarouk Cancer Center, Khartoum 11123, Sudan.
Cancers (Basel). 2011 Jul 22;3(3):3002-17. doi: 10.3390/cancers3033002.
Carcinogenesis occurs through a series of steps from normal into benign and finally malignant phenotype. This cancer evolutionary trajectory has been accompanied by similar metabolic transformation from normal metabolism into Pasteur and/or Crabtree-Effects into Warburg-Effect and finally Cannibalism and/or Lactate-Symbiosis. Due to lactate production as an end-product of glycolysis, tumor colonies acquire new phenotypes that rely on lactate as energetic fuel. Presence of Warburg-Effect indicates that some tumor cells undergo partial (if not complete) de-endosymbiosis and so cancer cells have been become unicellular microorganism (anti-Dollo's Law) specially when they evolve to develop cannibalism as way of metabolism while oxidative types of cells that rely on lactate, as their energetic fuel, might represent extra-endosymbiosis. Thus, at the end, the cancer colony could be considered as integrated metabolic ecosystem. Proper understanding of tumor metabolism will contribute to discover potential anticancer agents besides conventional chemotherapy.
癌变是通过一系列步骤从正常到良性，最终到恶性表型发生的。这种癌症的进化轨迹伴随着相似的代谢转化，从正常代谢到巴斯德效应和/或克氏循环效应到沃伯格效应，最终到自噬和/或乳酸共生。由于乳酸是糖酵解的终产物，肿瘤细胞株获得了依赖乳酸作为能量燃料的新表型。沃伯格效应的存在表明，一些肿瘤细胞经历了部分（如果不是完全的）去共生，因此癌细胞已经成为单细胞微生物（反多洛定律），特别是当它们进化为以自噬作为代谢方式时，而依赖乳酸作为能量燃料的氧化类型的细胞可能代表额外的共生。因此，最终，肿瘤细胞群可以被认为是一个整合的代谢生态系统。正确理解肿瘤代谢将有助于发现除传统化疗以外的潜在抗癌药物。
