Cleveland P H, Richman D D
J Clin Microbiol. 1987 Feb;25(2):416-20. doi: 10.1128/jcm.25.2.416-420.1987.
A simple, sensitive, 30-min assay for the detection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) antigens in clinical specimens is described. The assay utilizes a filter manifold, biotinylated monoclonal antibodies, streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate, and the substrate aminoethylcarbazole. The method stains infected cells and cell debris a bright red and is easily interpreted with a dissecting microscope. Reconstruction experiments indicated that as few as two virus-infected cells per swab could be detected. This was equivalent to an infectivity titer of 29 to 160 50% tissue culture infective doses per infected cell and 250 times more sensitive than an enzyme immunofiltration assay which detects a soluble reaction product. Clinical swab specimens collected from ocular, oral, skin, and genital lesions were cultured for virus, and the remaining cell debris was immobilized on glass fiber filters and stained for the presence of virus antigens. Of 71 HSV culture-positive specimens, 66 (93%) were positive for HSV antigens. All of nine VZV culture-positive specimens were positive for VZV antigens. Of 98 culture-negative specimens, 7 were positive for either HSV (n = 3) or VZV (n = 4) antigens.
本文描述了一种用于检测临床标本中单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）和水痘带状疱疹病毒（VZV）抗原的简单、灵敏的30分钟检测方法。该检测方法利用过滤歧管、生物素化单克隆抗体、链霉亲和素-辣根过氧化物酶复合物和底物氨基乙基咔唑。该方法将感染的细胞和细胞碎片染成鲜红色，用解剖显微镜很容易解读结果。重建实验表明，每个拭子中少至两个病毒感染细胞即可被检测到。这相当于每个感染细胞的感染滴度为29至160个50%组织培养感染剂量，比检测可溶性反应产物的酶免疫过滤检测法灵敏250倍。从眼部、口腔、皮肤和生殖器病变处采集的临床拭子标本进行病毒培养，将剩余的细胞碎片固定在玻璃纤维滤膜上，然后对病毒抗原的存在进行染色。在71份HSV培养阳性标本中，66份（93%）HSV抗原检测呈阳性。9份VZV培养阳性标本的VZV抗原检测均呈阳性。在98份培养阴性标本中，7份HSV（n = 3）或VZV（n = 4）抗原检测呈阳性。
