Windsor Liliane Cambraia, Jemal Alexis, Benoit Ellen
Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, School of Social Work, 360 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd, Hill Hall, Room 401, Newark, NJ 07104, USA.
Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, School of Social Work, 360 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd, Hill Hall, Room 401, Newark, NJ 07104, USA.
Int J Law Psychiatry. 2014 Sep-Oct;37(5):501-11. doi: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2014.02.023. Epub 2014 Mar 12.
Theoretical approaches traditionally applied in mental health and criminal justice interventions fail to address the historical and structural context that partially explains health disparities. Community Wise was developed to address this gap. It is a 12week group intervention informed by Critical Consciousness Theory and designed to prevent substance abuse, related health risk behaviors, psychological distress, and reoffending among individuals with a history of incarceration and substance abuse. This paper reports findings from the first implementation and pilot evaluation of Community Wise in two community-based organizations. This pre-posttest evaluation pilot-tested Community Wise and used findings to improve the intervention. Twenty-six participants completed a phone and clinical screening, baseline, 6- and 12-week follow-ups, and a focus group at the end of the intervention. Measures assessed participants' demographic information, psychological distress, substance use, criminal offending, HIV risk behaviors, community cohesion, community support, civic engagement, critical consciousness, ethnic identification, group cohesion, client satisfaction, and acquired treatment skills. Research methods were found to be feasible and useful in assessing the intervention. Results indicated that while Community Wise is a promising intervention, several changes need to be made in order to enhance the intervention. Community Wise is a new approach where oppressed individuals join in critical dialogue, tap into existing community resources, and devise, implement and evaluate their own community solutions to structural barriers.
传统上应用于心理健康和刑事司法干预的理论方法未能解决部分解释健康差距的历史和结构背景问题。“社区明智计划”（Community Wise）就是为解决这一差距而开发的。它是一种为期12周的团体干预措施，以批判意识理论为指导，旨在预防有监禁和药物滥用史的个人出现药物滥用、相关健康风险行为、心理困扰以及再次犯罪。本文报告了“社区明智计划”在两个社区组织中的首次实施和试点评估结果。这项前后测评估对“社区明智计划”进行了试点测试，并利用结果改进干预措施。26名参与者完成了电话和临床筛查、基线评估、6周和12周随访，以及干预结束时的焦点小组访谈。测量指标评估了参与者的人口统计学信息、心理困扰、药物使用、犯罪行为、艾滋病毒风险行为、社区凝聚力、社区支持、公民参与、批判意识、种族认同、团体凝聚力、客户满意度以及获得的治疗技能。研究方法被证明在评估该干预措施方面是可行且有用的。结果表明，虽然“社区明智计划”是一种有前景的干预措施，但为了加强该干预措施，需要做出一些改变。“社区明智计划”是一种新方法，受压迫的个体通过参与批判性对话、利用现有的社区资源，并设计、实施和评估他们自己针对结构性障碍的社区解决方案。
