Zhang Zhi Hong, Zhu Hai Bo, Li Lei Lei, Yu Yang, Zhang Hong Guo, Liu Rui Zhi
Reproductive Medical Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Department of Cell Biology, Bethune Medical College of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Iran J Reprod Med. 2013 Jul;11(7):589-96.
Previous researches about the effect of smoking on semen quality are contradictory, and the mechanism behind the harmful effect of smoking on semen quality still remains unclear until today.
The objectives of this study are evaluation of the relationship between smoking and fertility, investigation of the effects of cigarette smoking on sperm parameters and detection of presence of leukocytes within the semen of idiopathic infertile men from Northeastern China.
A retrospective study of 1512 infertile patients who visited affiliated hospitals of Jilin University from 2007-2010 were enrolled in this study. Patients were assigned into one non-smoking and one smoking group which was divided into mild, moderate and heavy subgroups. Sperm parameters (including leukocytes) and sperm morphology analysis were performed using standard techniques.
Compared with non-smokers, smokers had a significant decrease in semen volumes (p=0.006), rapid progressive motility (p=0.002) and sperm viability (p=0.019); moreover, smokers had a significant increase in the levels of immotile sperms (p=0.005) and semen leukocytes (p=0.002); pH and sperm concentration were not statistically significant (p=0.789 and p=0.297 respectively). Sperm motion parameters were all lower in the smokers except for beat-cross frequency (Hz) (BCF). Further, the percentage of normal morphology sperm was decreased significantly in smokers (p=0.003), the sperm morphology was worse with increasing degree of smoking.
These findings suggest that smoking leads to a significant decline in semen quality and higher levels of leukocytes, thus smoking may affects the fertilization efficiency.
以往关于吸烟对精液质量影响的研究结果相互矛盾，吸烟对精液质量产生有害影响的背后机制至今仍不清楚。
本研究的目的是评估吸烟与生育能力之间的关系，调查吸烟对精子参数的影响，并检测中国东北地区特发性不育男性精液中白细胞的存在情况。
本研究对2007年至2010年在吉林大学附属医院就诊的1512例不育患者进行了回顾性研究。患者被分为一个非吸烟组和一个吸烟组，吸烟组又分为轻度、中度和重度亚组。使用标准技术进行精子参数（包括白细胞）和精子形态分析。
与非吸烟者相比，吸烟者的精液量（p = 0.006）、快速前向运动精子比例（p = 0.002）和精子活力（p = 0.019）显著降低；此外，吸烟者的不动精子水平（p = 0.005）和精液白细胞水平（p = 0.002）显著升高；pH值和精子浓度无统计学意义（分别为p = 0.789和p = 0.297）。除鞭打频率（Hz）（BCF）外，吸烟者的精子运动参数均较低。此外，吸烟者正常形态精子的百分比显著降低（p = 0.003），且随着吸烟程度的增加，精子形态更差。
这些发现表明，吸烟导致精液质量显著下降和白细胞水平升高，因此吸烟可能会影响受精效率。
