Niciu Mark J, Mason Graeme F
National Institutes of Health and Department of Health and Human Services, Experimental Therapeutics & Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, 10 Center Dr., Building 10/CRC, Room 7-5545, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Yale University Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA.
Curr Behav Neurosci Rep. 2014 Mar 1;1(1):45-54. doi: 10.1007/s40473-013-0005-7.
Neuroimaging, including PET, MRI, and MRS, is a powerful approach to the study of brain function. This article reviews neuroimaging findings related to alcohol and other drugs of abuse that have been published since 2011. Uses of neuroimaging are to characterize patients to determine who will fare better in treatment and to investigate the reasons underlying the effect on outcomes. Neuroimaging is also used to characterize the acute and chronic effects of substances on the brain and how those effects are related to dependence, relapse, and other drug effects. The data can be used to provide encouraging information for patients, as several studies have shown that long-term abstinence is associated with at least partial normalization of neurological abnormalities.
神经影像学，包括正电子发射断层扫描（PET）、磁共振成像（MRI）和磁共振波谱（MRS），是研究脑功能的一种强大方法。本文综述了自2011年以来发表的与酒精及其他滥用药物相关的神经影像学研究结果。神经影像学的用途包括对患者进行特征描述，以确定谁在治疗中预后更好，并探究影响治疗结果的潜在原因。神经影像学还用于描述物质对大脑的急性和慢性影响，以及这些影响如何与成瘾、复发和其他药物效应相关联。这些数据可为患者提供鼓舞人心的信息，因为多项研究表明，长期戒酒与神经异常至少部分恢复正常有关。
