Li Pei-Fei, Chen Sheng-Can, Xia Tian, Jiang Xiao-Ming, Shao Yong-Fu, Xiao Bing-Xiu, Guo Jun-Ming
Pei-Fei Li, Sheng-Can Chen, Tian Xia, Xiao-Ming Jiang, Yong-Fu Shao, Bing-Xiu Xiao, Jun-Ming Guo, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang Province, China.
World J Gastroenterol. 2014 May 14;20(18):5411-9. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i18.5411.
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play key roles in development, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Altered ncRNA expression is associated with gastric cancer occurrence, invasion, and metastasis. Moreover, aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is significantly related to gastric cancer tumor stage, size, differentiation and metastasis. MiRNAs interrupt cellular signaling pathways, inhibit the activity of tumor suppressor genes, and affect the cell cycle in gastric cancer cells. Some miRNAs, including miR-21, miR-106a and miR-421, could be potential markers for the diagnosis of gastric cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a new research hotspot among cancer-associated ncRNAs, play important roles in epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation. Several gastric cancer-associated lncRNAs, such as CCAT1, GACAT1, H19, and SUMO1P3, have been explored. In addition, Piwi-interacting RNAs, another type of small ncRNA that is recognized by gastroenterologists, are involved in gastric carcinogenesis, and piR-651/823 represents an efficient diagnostic biomarker of gastric cancer that can be detected in the blood and gastric juice. Small interfering RNAs also function in post-transcriptional regulation in gastric cancer and might be useful in gastric cancer treatment.
非编码RNA（ncRNAs）在发育、增殖、分化和凋亡过程中发挥关键作用。ncRNA表达的改变与胃癌的发生、侵袭和转移相关。此外，微小RNA（miRNAs）的异常表达与胃癌的肿瘤分期、大小、分化和转移显著相关。miRNAs干扰细胞信号通路，抑制肿瘤抑制基因的活性，并影响胃癌细胞的细胞周期。一些miRNAs，包括miR-21、miR-106a和miR-421，可能成为胃癌诊断的潜在标志物。长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）是癌症相关ncRNAs中的一个新研究热点，在表观遗传、转录和转录后调控中发挥重要作用。几种与胃癌相关的lncRNAs，如CCAT1、GACAT1、H19和SUMO1P3，已被研究。此外，Piwi相互作用RNA是胃肠病学家认可的另一类小ncRNA，参与胃癌发生，piR-651/823是一种可在血液和胃液中检测到的有效的胃癌诊断生物标志物。小干扰RNA在胃癌的转录后调控中也发挥作用，可能对胃癌治疗有用。
