美国 texting 法规对机动车死亡事故的影响。
Impact of texting laws on motor vehicular fatalities in the United States.
机构信息
At the time of this study, Alva O. Ferdinand, Nir Menachemi, Bisakha Sen, Justin L. Blackburn, and Michael Morrisey were with the Department of Health Care Organization and Policy, University of Alabama at Birmingham. Leonard Nelson was with the Cumberland School of Law, Samford University, Birmingham, AL.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2014 Aug;104(8):1370-7. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.301894. Epub 2014 Jun 12.
Using a panel study design, we examined the effects of different types of texting bans on motor vehicular fatalities. We used the Fatality Analysis Reporting System and a difference-in-differences approach to examine the incidence of fatal crashes in 2000 through 2010 in 48 US states with and without texting bans. Age cohorts were constructed to examine the impact of these bans on age-specific traffic fatalities. Primarily enforced laws banning all drivers from texting were significantly associated with a 3% reduction in traffic fatalities in all age groups, and those banning only young drivers from texting had the greatest impact on reducing deaths among those aged 15 to 21 years. Secondarily enforced restrictions were not associated with traffic fatality reductions in any of our analyses.
采用面板研究设计，我们考察了不同类型的 texting（短信发送）禁令对机动车事故死亡人数的影响。我们使用了 Fatality Analysis Reporting System（伤亡分析报告系统）和差分法（difference-in-differences approach），分析了 2000 年至 2010 年美国 48 个州的致命撞车事故发生率，这些州有的有 texting 禁令，有的没有。我们构建了年龄队列，以考察这些禁令对特定年龄段交通死亡人数的影响。主要强制执行禁止所有司机发短信的禁令的州与所有年龄段的交通死亡人数减少 3%显著相关，而仅禁止年轻司机发短信的禁令对减少 15 至 21 岁年龄段的死亡人数影响最大。次要强制执行的限制在我们的任何分析中都与交通死亡人数减少无关。
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