Zarrinpar Amir, Chaix Amandine, Yooseph Shibu, Panda Satchidananda
Regulatory Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Regulatory Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Cell Metab. 2014 Dec 2;20(6):1006-17. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.11.008.
The gut microbiome and daily feeding/fasting cycle influence host metabolism and contribute to obesity and metabolic diseases. However, fundamental characteristics of this relationship between the feeding/fasting cycle and the gut microbiome are unknown. Our studies show that the gut microbiome is highly dynamic, exhibiting daily cyclical fluctuations in composition. Diet-induced obesity dampens the daily feeding/fasting rhythm and diminishes many of these cyclical fluctuations. Time-restricted feeding (TRF), in which feeding is consolidated to the nocturnal phase, partially restores these cyclical fluctuations. Furthermore, TRF, which protects against obesity and metabolic diseases, affects bacteria shown to influence host metabolism. Cyclical changes in the gut microbiome from feeding/fasting rhythms contribute to the diversity of gut microflora and likely represent a mechanism by which the gut microbiome affects host metabolism. Thus, feeding pattern and time of harvest, in addition to diet, are important parameters when assessing the microbiome's contribution to host metabolism.
肠道微生物群和每日进食/禁食周期会影响宿主代谢，并导致肥胖和代谢性疾病。然而，进食/禁食周期与肠道微生物群之间这种关系的基本特征尚不清楚。我们的研究表明，肠道微生物群具有高度动态性，其组成呈现出每日周期性波动。饮食诱导的肥胖会削弱每日进食/禁食节律，并减少许多此类周期性波动。限时进食（TRF），即将进食集中在夜间阶段，可部分恢复这些周期性波动。此外，能预防肥胖和代谢性疾病的TRF会影响那些已被证明能影响宿主代谢的细菌。进食/禁食节律引起的肠道微生物群的周期性变化有助于肠道微生物群落的多样性，并且可能代表了肠道微生物群影响宿主代谢的一种机制。因此，除了饮食外，进食模式和采集时间也是评估微生物群对宿主代谢贡献时的重要参数。
