van Lettow Britt, de Vries Hein, Burdorf Alex, Boon Brigitte, van Empelen Pepijn
Erasmus MC, Department of Public Health, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
J Med Internet Res. 2015 Feb 4;17(2):e35. doi: 10.2196/jmir.3551.
Excessive alcohol use is a prevalent and worldwide problem. Excessive drinking causes a significant burden of disease and is associated with both morbidity and excess mortality. Prototype alteration and provision of a cue reminder could be useful strategies to enhance the effectiveness of online tailored interventions for excessive drinking.
Through a Web-based randomized controlled trial, 2 strategies (ie, prototype alteration and cue reminders) within an existing online personalized feedback intervention (Drinktest) aimed to reduce adults' excessive drinking. It was expected that both strategies would add to Drinktest and would result in reductions in alcohol consumption by intrinsic motivation and the seizure of opportunities to act.
Participants were recruited online and through printed materials. Excessive drinking adults (N=2634) were randomly assigned to 4 conditions: original Drinktest, Drinktest plus prototype alteration, Drinktest plus cue reminder, and Drinktest plus prototype alteration and cue reminder. Evaluation took place at 1-month posttest and 6-month follow-up. Differences in drinking behavior, intentions, and behavioral willingness (ie, primary outcomes) were assessed by means of longitudinal multilevel analyses using a last observation carried forward method. Measures were based on self-reports.
All conditions showed reductions in drinking behavior and willingness to drink, and increased intentions to reduce drinking. Prototype alteration (B=-0.15, P<.05) and cue reminder usage (B=-0.15, P<.05) were both more effective in reducing alcohol consumption than when these strategies were not provided. Combining the strategies did not produce a synergistic effect. No differences across conditions were found regarding intentions or willingness.
Although individuals' awareness of their cue was reasonable, their reported alcohol consumption was nevertheless reduced. Individuals appeared to distance their self-image from heavier drinking prototypes. Thus, prototype alteration and cue reminder usage may be feasible and simple intervention strategies to promote reductions in alcohol consumption among adults, with an effect up to 6 months.
Nederlands Trial Register (NTR): 4169; http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=4169 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6VD2jnxmB).
过度饮酒是一个普遍存在的全球性问题。过度饮酒会导致重大的疾病负担，并与发病率和额外死亡率相关。原型改变和提供提示提醒可能是提高在线量身定制的过度饮酒干预措施有效性的有用策略。
通过一项基于网络的随机对照试验，在现有的在线个性化反馈干预措施（Drinktest）中采用两种策略（即原型改变和提示提醒），旨在减少成年人的过度饮酒。预计这两种策略都将补充Drinktest，并通过内在动机和抓住行动机会来减少酒精消费。
通过在线和印刷材料招募参与者。过度饮酒的成年人（N = 2634）被随机分配到4种情况：原始的Drinktest、Drinktest加原型改变、Drinktest加提示提醒、Drinktest加原型改变和提示提醒。在测试后1个月和6个月随访时进行评估。使用末次观察结转法，通过纵向多层次分析评估饮酒行为、意图和行为意愿（即主要结果）的差异。测量基于自我报告。
所有情况都显示饮酒行为和饮酒意愿有所减少，减少饮酒的意图有所增加。与未提供这些策略时相比，原型改变（B = -0.15，P <.05）和提示提醒的使用（B = -0.15，P <.05）在减少酒精消费方面都更有效。结合这些策略并未产生协同效应。在意图或意愿方面未发现不同情况之间存在差异。
尽管个体对其提示的意识合理，但他们报告的酒精消费量仍然减少了。个体似乎将自己的自我形象与更严重的饮酒原型区分开来。因此，原型改变和提示提醒的使用可能是促进成年人减少酒精消费的可行且简单的干预策略，效果可持续长达6个月。
荷兰试验注册库（NTR）：4169；http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=4169（由WebCite存档于http://www.webcitation.org/6VD2jnxmB）。
