Brown Geoffrey L, McBride Brent A, Bost Kelly K, Shin Nana
Hiatt School of Psychology, Clark University, 950 Main St., Worcester, MA 01610;
Department of Human and Community Development, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1105 W. Nevada, Urbana, IL 61801;
J Appl Dev Psychol. 2011 Nov-Dec;32(6):313-322. doi: 10.1016/j.appdev.2011.08.004.
This study examined how child temperament was related to parents' time spent accessible to and interacting with their 2-year-olds. Bivariate analyses indicated that both fathers and mothers spent more time with temperamentally challenging children than easier children on workdays, but fathers spent less time with challenging children than easier children on non-workdays. After accounting for work hours, some associations between temperament and fathers' workday involvement dropped to non-significance. For fathers, work hours also moderated the relation between irregular temperament and workday play. For mothers, work hours moderated the relation between both difficult and irregular temperament and workday interaction. Mothers also spent more time with girls (but not boys) who were temperamentally irregular. Results speak to the influence of child temperament on parenting behavior, and the differential construction of parenting roles as a function of child characteristics and patterns of work.
本研究考察了儿童气质如何与父母陪伴2岁孩子以及与之互动的时间相关。双变量分析表明，在工作日，父母陪伴气质上具有挑战性的孩子的时间比陪伴较随和孩子的时间更多，但在非工作日，父亲陪伴具有挑战性孩子的时间比陪伴较随和孩子的时间更少。在考虑工作时长后，气质与父亲工作日陪伴时间之间的一些关联不再显著。对父亲而言，工作时长也调节了不规则气质与工作日玩耍之间的关系。对母亲而言，工作时长调节了难养型气质和不规则气质与工作日互动之间的关系。母亲陪伴气质不规则的女孩（而非男孩）的时间也更多。研究结果表明了儿童气质对养育行为的影响，以及根据儿童特征和工作模式对养育角色的差异化构建。
