Lech Grzegorz, Chwała Wiesław, Ambroży Tadeusz, Sterkowicz Stanisław
Department of Theory of Sport and Kinesiology, University School of Physical Education Al. Jana Pawla II, Cracow, Poland.
Department of Biomechanics, University School of Physical Education, Cracow, Al. Jana Pawla II, Cracow, Poland.
J Hum Kinet. 2015 Apr 7;45:167-75. doi: 10.1515/hukin-2015-0017. eCollection 2015 Mar 29.
The aim of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of maximal muscle torques at individual stages of development of athletes and to determine the relationship between muscle torques, fighting methods and the level of sports performance. The activity of 25 judo contestants during judo combats and the effectiveness of actions were evaluated. Maximum muscle torques in flexors/extensors of the body trunk, shoulder, elbow, hip and knee joints were measured. The level of significance was set at p≤0.05; for multiple comparisons the Mann-Whitney U test, p≤0.016, was used. Intergroup differences in relative torques in five muscle groups studied (elbow extensors, shoulder flexors, knee flexors, knee extensors, hip flexors) were not significant. In cadets, relative maximum muscle torques in hip extensors correlated with the activity index (Spearman's r=0.756). In juniors, maximum relative torques in elbow flexors and knee flexors correlated with the activity index (r=0.73 and r=0.76, respectively). The effectiveness of actions correlated with relative maximum torque in elbow extensors (r=0.67). In seniors, the relative maximum muscle torque in shoulder flexors correlated with the activity index during the second part of the combat (r=0.821).
本研究的目的是对运动员发育各阶段的最大肌肉扭矩进行比较分析，并确定肌肉扭矩、格斗方法与运动成绩水平之间的关系。评估了25名柔道选手在柔道比赛中的活动情况及动作的有效性。测量了躯干、肩部、肘部、髋部和膝关节屈肌/伸肌的最大肌肉扭矩。显著性水平设定为p≤0.05；对于多重比较，使用Mann-Whitney U检验，p≤0.016。所研究的五组肌肉（肘部伸肌、肩部屈肌、膝部屈肌、膝部伸肌、髋部屈肌）的相对扭矩组间差异不显著。在学员中，髋部伸肌的相对最大肌肉扭矩与活动指数相关（Spearman相关系数r = 0.756）。在青少年中，肘部屈肌和膝部屈肌的最大相对扭矩与活动指数相关（分别为r = 0.73和r = 0.76）。动作的有效性与肘部伸肌的相对最大扭矩相关（r = 0.67）。在成年选手中，肩部屈肌的相对最大肌肉扭矩与比赛第二部分的活动指数相关（r = 0.821）。
